Genes and Genetics 1. 2. each chromosome exists as two genetically identical chromatids attached to their centromere. Each chromosome appears as two chromatids attached to a centromere. In the first meiotic division chromosomes align in homologous pairs. Points of contact form between members of the same homologous pair. The points of contact or crossing over between members of a homologous pair are the chiasmata. 3. The homologous pairs move to the equator of the cell. Equal lengths of the
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Natalia Wierzchon A.P. Biology Lab: 1. Osmosis 09/10/2010 I. Introduction a. Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to observe the diffusion process of water‚ osmosis‚ as well as create an understanding of water potential‚ the basis of osmosis. The experiment proved how water molecules in a solution are able to move from an area of low solute concentration‚ high water concentration‚ to an area of high solute concentration‚ low water concentration‚ diffusing “down” the water gradient.
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Biology Enzymes IA Design Introduction: Enzymes are globular proteins‚ they are responsible for most of the chemical activities of a living organism. They act as catalysts‚ substances that affects the reaction of other substances without being destroyed or altered during the process. They are extremely efficient in the body system of living organisms‚ one enzyme may catalyse over a thousand chemical reactions every second. But there are certain conditions that need to be fulfilled in order for the
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Experiment for the measurement of carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations and their functions during the act of breathing. Introduction: Humans‚ like all living organisms need‚ O2 in order to live‚ they take the necessary O2 from the atmospheric air. The O2 is transferred from the blood to all cells of the body and serves for oxidation of nutrients for example glucose. By oxidize the nutrients released energy‚ which is necessary for the functions of the human body. During oxidation produces
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TOPIC 6‚ 11‚ & OPTION H: HUMAN HEALTH AND PHYSIOLOGY Digestive System Includes all the structures that are concerned with bringing food into the body to provide for the needs of the body’s cells. Each cell in an organism relies on a continuous expenditure of energy. Fats‚ carbs‚ and proteins are broken down during cellular metabolism and the energy derived from them is used to make ATP. The digestive system deals with: Ingestion‚ which is the bringing of nutrients into the body. Mechanical
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Design IA Research Question How Does Increasing the Intensity of Exercise Affect Respiratory Rate? Hypothesis My experiment will involve sprinting which is a very demanding and fatiguing sport. In order to increase the intensity of it‚ I will be increasing the weight the subject has to carry as he sprints. My hypothesis is that as you increase the weight‚ the respiratory rate will also increase. At rest‚ the average breathing rate for adults is 12-24 breaths per minute and for new born babies
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2.1 Cell Theory 2.1.1 Outline the cell theory The three main principles of the cell theory are: * All organisms are composed of one or more cells * Cells are the smallest units of life * All cells come from pre-existing cells New Concepts * Cells contain the blueprint for their own growth‚ development and behavior * Cells are the site of all the chemical reactions needed to sustain life * Cells (and multicellular organisms) show emergent properties – appears as complexity
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Practical 1- An experiment to observe the features of an Onion Cells Method: Gather all equipment that will be used for the experiment and check that they are clean and undamaged. Using forceps‚ peel the membrane from the underside of a small piece of onion. Place the membrane flat on a clean‚ glass slide and add one drop of iodine solution. Use a pin to carefully lower the cover slip over the slide‚ ensure there are no air bubbles before the use of the slide. Set the microscope to its lowest
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Background Research Yeast are eukaryotic microorganisms just like other organisms‚ they must respire in order to survive. Respiration can be defined as the controlled release of energy from organic compounds to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The type of respiration that occurs is called aerobic respiration. It occurs when glucose and oxygen are present. It can be summarized by the equation: . Enzymes play a very significant part in respiration. During the different stages of respiration‚ enzymes
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| The effect of salinity on osmosis of solanum tuberosum L.(potatoes) | Biology HL Internal Assessment – Year 10 | | Teresa Nguyen | | Table of Contents 1 DESIGN 2 1.1 Defining the problem 2 FOCUS QUESTION 2 HYPOTHESIS 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2 INVESTIGATION VARIABLES 3 1.2 Controlling Variables 3 TREATMENT OF THE CONTROLLED VARIABLES 3 CONTROL EXPERIMENT 4 1.3 Experimental Method 4 MATERIALS 4 RISK ASSESSMENT 5 METHOD 5 2 DATA COLLECTION and PROCESSING 7 2.1 Recording Raw
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