Genes and Genetics 1. 2. each chromosome exists as two genetically identical chromatids attached to their centromere. Each chromosome appears as two chromatids attached to a centromere. In the first meiotic division chromosomes align in homologous pairs. Points of contact form between members of the same homologous pair. The points of contact or crossing over between members of a homologous pair are the chiasmata. 3. The homologous pairs move to the equator of the cell. Equal lengths of the
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of pH on Peroxidase Enzyme Claire Bell Biology 1130 Jazmen Myers Section 36 Abstract Peroxidase is a turnip enzyme; it is used in the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to lower activation energy‚ speeding up the reaction. The activity of peroxidase is highly dependent on its environment and most importantly the pH level. Peroxidase has been the focus of many recent studies and is believed to possibly reduce swelling among other things. We conducted an experiment testing the effect
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BIO 5 Lab Report: Lactase Enzymes Enzymes are biological catalysts or assistants. Enzymes consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reaction required for a specific action or nutrient. Enzymes can either launch a reaction or speed it up. The chemicals that are transformed with the help of enzymes are called substrates. In the absence of enzymes‚ these chemicals are called reactants. Enzymes are thought to have an area with a very particular shape. When a molecule of
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After conducting the experiment and gathered the required data‚ we came to conclusion that certain environmental factors affect the enzyme activity rate. For the first experiment‚ where we tested the increase in concentration of enzyme with the substrate‚ we found that higher concentration of enzyme increases the rate of reaction of the enzyme. This is because more enzyme molecules are present‚ which allow more substrate molecules to get into the active sites of the enzyme (Sattler W& Esterbauer
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Running head: LAB 5: INVESTIGATING AN ENZYME-CATALYZED REACTION Lab 5: Investigating an Enzyme-Catalyzed Reaction September 24‚ 2014 Principles of Biology 120.601 Mrs. Annemarie Duncan Abstract: (Burmania) This experiment was performed in order to examine ways in which a potato catalase enzyme reacts to various assays with differing variables. To do so a baseline assay (undiluted extract and room temperature H2O2) was used within the experiment with only one other variable changed in
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Introduction Enzymes are catalytic proteins. The purpose of a catalyst is to speed up metabolic reactions by lowering the free energy of activation or activation energy. Activation energy is known as the amount of energy needed to push the reactants over an energy barrier‚ so that the downhill part of the reaction can begin (Campbell 151). In an enzyme catalyzed reaction‚ the enzyme binds to its substrate‚ which is the reactant an enzyme acts on. In the reactions‚ the enzymes are very specific
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temperature has on the rate of enzyme activity. The way we figured this out was by taking four different temperatures and testing the difference absorbance levels they produced every 20 seconds for about 2 minutes straight using a spectrophotometer. The important part of this experiment was the temperature the enzyme concentration was made at. What we got from the experiment was at lower temperature we got very low numbers for the absorbance‚ which gave us a lower rate for the enzyme reaction to complete‚
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Activity of the Enzyme Catalase in breaking down Hydrogen Peroxide and the effect of various factors on Enzyme Activity Introduction The enzyme catalase is present in cells in order to speed the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‚ which is a toxic chemical to the human body. When hydrogen peroxide is broken down‚ the end products are Water (H2O) and Oxygen (O2). In this report‚ the reaction of catalase to hydrogen peroxide is being tested. Furthermore‚ the effects of temperature‚ concentration
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Enzymes are generally protein macromolecules that act as catalysts in metabolic reactions. A catalyst is a chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction. Enzymes speed up metabolic reaction rates by lowering the activation energy barrier‚ which is the amount of energy initially needed to spark a reaction. It allows reactant molecules to absorb enough energy to break bonds and react without raising the temperature to an extreme. During this process the substrate
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AP/IB Chemistry Internal Assessment Lab Format The following titles and subtitles (in bold) should be used for your lab report and given in this order within your lab report. Title: choose one to fit your experiment I. Design A. Problem – must be a focused‚ clear research question. B. Hypothesis (When appropriate) • Clear answer to Problem – • Logical rational • your conclusion should address the hypothesis you are giving here. C. Variables
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