Fermentation is a process performed by cells in the absence of oxygen to produce small amounts of ATP. During this process the six-carbon sugar glucose is broken down into two molecules of the three-carbon organic acid‚ pyruvic acid‚ coupled with the transfer of chemical energy to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Fermentation is used by many producers to make many of the commodities which we are used to today. Some of these commodities include yogurt‚ cheese‚ wine‚ bread‚ beer‚ rum‚ and even
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Fermentation of Carbohydrates: Ethanol from Sucrose Objective: To demonstrate a fermentation process‚ isolate the ethanol produced by fractional distillation‚ determine the composition of the ethanol solution recovered‚ and make stoichiometric and yield calculations. Procedures: Fermentation Weigh out 20.0 g of sucrose and place it into a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Add 100 mL of water and gently shake until all the sucrose has dissolved. To this solution add 0.60 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
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Investigation 4.2: Factors Affecting Viscosity Question How does changing the temperature (°C) of glycerin affect the viscosity s -1 of glycerin (l)‚ when tested by dropping a marble from a constant height into the glycerin (l) and timed with a stopwatch until the marble hits the bottom? Design Independent Variable: The independent variable of this experiment is the temperature (°C) of the glycerin (l). Dependent Variable: The dependent variable of this experiment is the viscosity s -1 of the glycerin
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IB HL BIOLOGY Dialysis Lab: Exploring Osmosis and Diffusion Through A Membrane Introduction: Dialysis is the flow of certain solutes through a semi permeable membrane. Dialysis is usually used on patients with failing kidneys to clinically purify blood in their kidneys‚ or other regions of their bodies. The dialysate contains waste matter that flows from the blood our of the dialysis tubing. Question/aim of lab: To test the solutions inside and outside the dialysis tubing with Benedict’s
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*This is a lab report from a previous 181 lab written by a student. It has been modified and cut short a little to convey some important pointers to writing lab reports. The left columns indicate the pointers and some instructions. Please read those carefully. The text material has been provided so that you may have an example of a lab that you have already done. *You should not write the report in table format (this is only for illustration). Also‚ I expect graphs‚ tables‚ and math equations in
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Nicolette Lindberg 11/30/12 IB Biology 2‚ Period 1 Transpiration Lab Background Information- Transpiration is the loss of water from a plant. Plants transpire water out of the stomata in their leaves at a different rate in every environment. The amount of transpiration is affected by the environment‚ how developed the plant is to not lose as much water‚ the surface area of the leaves‚ and how affected the plant is by its environment (Von Bargen). For this experiment‚ the plant we used was (Viola
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To Test Charles’ Law and estimate Absolute Zero In this IB Lab you will be assessed on the following criterion Conclusions and Evaluation Aim: Physics has many hundreds of laws and these can be tested in experiments to see if they are true. In 1787 the French scientist‚ J.A.C. Charles‚ published a law connecting the volume and temperature of gases. Your task is to see if you agree with his law. Another thing you have to consider is “ is my experiment accurate enough to prove or disprove the
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Design Lab Experiment: How would an increase in the atomic radii of the metals in period 4 affect the time it takes for a metal to react with HCl. Hypothesis: If Hydrochloric Acid is dropped on all of the metals in period 4‚ then the elements with the largest atomic radii will react faster with Hydrochloric Acid because atoms with bigger atomic radii are
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Title : Measuring the rate of oxygen uptake. Objectives : 1. To demonstrate the uptake of oxygen in respiration. 2. To measure the rate at which an organism respires. 3. To learn how to set up the apparatus for respirometers. Introduction : Respirometer A respirometer is a device that been used to measure the rate of respiration of a living organism. This can be measured by calculating the rate of exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. A simple respirometer designed to measure oxygen
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respiration‚ or fermentation. In specific‚ how the type of sugar affects the rate of fermentation. The aim of this experiment was to find which type of sugar was best suited to produce ethanol. In the experiment‚ four different sugars were used‚ they included sucrose‚ glucose‚ lactose and fructose. This research is still relevant today‚ as alcohol is still consumed and is required on a large scale. This makes it crucial to companies to find the best sugar to use in the fermentation process. Cellular
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