Q1‚ While pension funds hold bonds as their asset‚ they also have obligations as liability. Lower interest rate‚ namely a lower discount rate‚ on one hand‚ increases bonds’ return‚ on the other hand‚ it also increase pension funds’ liabilities‚ which is the discounted value of future obligations. Moreover‚ bonds in asset side are usually in shorter term than long-term liabilities‚ and therefore are less sensitive to interest rate change. As a result‚ the increase in liability exceeds the value increase
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that pension reforms from pay-as-you-go to fully funded systems spur the development of stock markets through a corporate governance channel‚ i.e. pension funds become large shareholders of publicly traded firms and therefore have the incentives to monitor managers and improve investor protections. This paper reviews the literature on the corporate governance channel associated with pension reforms in developing countries‚ and asks what we know and need to know about it. We know that pension funds
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A pension fund shall be a pool of assets‚ established under a contract and not having legal personality‚ owned jointly by several persons in a partial ownership and the ownership shares represented by units in the pension fund. Each unit shall represent the ownership of a proportional part of the assets held in the pension fund structure. The pension fund shall be managed by a management company according to a pension fund contract with the unit-holders‚ with the objective to increase the
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I. Title of the Study: PENSION SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES II. ABSTRACT Traditionally‚ pension systems aim to fulfill a number of functions which include income security and consumption smoothing in old age‚ as well as income redistribution. The main rationale for pension reform lies in the interaction between current demographic trends (e.g. increasing old age dependency ratios) and the design of existing pension systems (particularly‚ the so called Pay-As-You-Go public systems). Under certain
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INTRODUCTION OF PERSONAL ACCOUNTS‚ THE PRINCIPAL LEGISLATIVE CHANGE WAS THE REFORM OF STATE PENSIONS The reforms being introduced by the Pensions Act 2007 and the Pensions Bill recently presented to parliament represent the biggest transformation in UK pension provision since 1988‚ at the very least‚ and possibly since 1978. The new Act addresses both the increasing cost and the declining value of state pensions. It also prepares the ground for the introduction of personal accounts by the current Bill
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Understanding Pension Release Axis Capital group UK Reviews Axis Capital‚ a group of companies based in London extend assistance Pension Cash Release Services on behalf of our various Investors. This article will provide you a better understanding of pension release is‚ irrespective of the location‚ might be in London in UK‚ FL in US or Jakarta‚ Indonesia in SE. Pension release arrangements let you to take some of your pension money prematurely. This sounds like a great idea but taking money
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The Employee’s provident fund and miscellaneous provisions Act‚ 1952 Introduction The Employees Provident Fund is set up under the Central Act viz. Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act‚ in the year 1952. It is applicable throughout the country (except Jammu and Kashmir) * It is applicable to almost all establishments falling under the industries/class of establishments‚ wherein 20 persons are employed. * In the case of cinema theatres workers‚ it is applicable to
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Employee’s Profident Fund Act‚ 1952 Introduction: * Salary consists of two parts i.e. earnings & deductions * Provident Fund is one of the statutory deduction done by the employer at the time of salary payment * Provident Fund is governed by the Employee’s Provident Fund Act 1952 * Provident Fund has come into force to give better future to employees on their retirement & his dependants in case of his death during employment * The Employees Provident Funds Act 1952 is compulsory
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ANNEXURE - 14 LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATION OF INDIA (EMPLOYEES) PENSION RULES‚ 1995 GSR 525(E) – In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 48 of the Life Insurance Corporation Act‚1956 (31 of 1956)‚ the Central Government hereby makes the following rules‚ namely :- CHAPTER - I PRELIMINARY 1. 2. Short title and commencement (1) These rules may be called the Life Insurance Corporation of India (Employees) Pension Rules‚ 1995. (2) Save as otherwise expressly provided in these rules‚ these
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Summary The case study ‘Hermes Fund Management‚ Total and Premier Oil: the responsibility and accountability of business’ documents that in 2008‚ Hermes Equity Ownership Service (EOS) considers whether they should support Total‚ one of its clients‚ a giant French oil company operates a business in Burma/Myanmar and should they accept Total ’s invitation to visit Burma/Myanmar. David Pitt Watson‚ founder of Hermes EOS has said: "Hermes ’ philosophy is different from most founds. It seeks to create
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