before – MERGER & ACQUISITION of IBM and Pricewaterhouse Consulting 1. WHY – UNDERLYING REASONS FOR THE PROJECT Over the past five years‚ IBM has quietly transformed itself into a "software‚ solution and services" company. With the transformation from a hardware vendor to a solution provider‚ it has entered the area of consulting services. IBM bought PricewaterhouseCoopers Consulting (PwCC) in October 2002 and became the world’s largest technology services company‚ with annual revenue of $40
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Case Questions Case #5 – Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital 1. Are the four components of Marriott’s financial strategy consistent with its growth objective? 2. How does Marriott use its estimate of its cost of capital? Does this make sense? 3. What is the weighted average cost of capital for Marriott Corporation? a. What risk free rate and risk premium did you use to calculate the cost of equity? b. How did you measure Marriott’s cost of debt? 4. If Marriott used a single corporate
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CASE IBM : Restructuring The Sales Force In 1993‚ IBM’s Board of Directors decided the time was right for dramatic action. The once proud company had seen its sales fall from almost $69 billion in 1990 to $64‚5 billion in 1992. In the same period‚ profits plunged from $5‚9 billion to a loss of $4‚96 billion. In April 1993‚ the Board hired Louis V. Gerstner‚ Jr. to serve as its new Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and to turn the company around. Just three months into the job‚ Gerstner announced
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IBM Case Analysis “What happened to IBM‚ the symbol of American supremacy?” -Challenge to America video‚ 1993 Problem Statement IBM needs to grow revenue and stay competitive in the dynamically changing computer marketplace of the 1990’s by maintaining technological leadership and accepting the organizational transformation which needs to be undertaken for them to excel. IBM needs to recapture their previously held powerful position in the personal computer and microprocessor markets and
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Chapter 8 The Cost of Capital 236 CHAPTER 8—THE COST OF CAPITAL TRUE/FALSE 1. Capital refers to items on the right-hand side of a firm’s balance sheet. 2. The component costs of capital are market-determined variables in as much as they are based on investors’ required returns. 3. The cost of debt is equal to one minus the marginal tax rate multiplied by the coupon rate on outstanding debt. 4. The cost of issuing preferred stock by a corporation must be adjusted to an after-tax
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resources to the environment in which it operates. This essay will analyse the micro and macro external environment in the part five years (2000 to 2006) of IBM Company by using PESTEL and five forces model to analyse in the first part. The second part will discuss about the advantages and disadvantages of the two possible alternative strategies for IBM. Part 1: Analysis of Micro and Macro External Environment 1.1 PESTEL Analysis The external factors can be divided into six broadly categories which
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forms of financing are not cost equivalent in the presence of capital market imperfections‚ despite both being credit forms. The case presents two opposing anecdotes: one about a trading company that bought its office and profited hugely from this decision as the market and capital values move upwards‚ but then faced huge losses as the market declined; and another from a comparable trading company leasing office space‚ and applying its capital to grow the trading business without diversion. The Company
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A company’s capital structure is a very important component of a company’s financial health and longevity. The capital structure should maximize total net profit and overall shareholder wealth. An optimal proportion of equity and debt as a company’s capital structure is an indication of a well-managed and successful company and should be a goal for most corporations. Beverly Flax and Rick Rosenfield founded California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) in 1985 in Beverly Hills‚ California. It is a casual dining
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By XYZ INTRODUCTION International Business Machines‚ abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue"‚ is a multinational computer technology and IT consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk‚ New York‚ United States. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software (with a focus on the latter)‚ and offers infrastructure services
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Cost of Capital Definition: cost of capital is the rate of return that a company must earn on its project investments to maintain its market value and attract funds. The cost of capital to a company is the minimum rate of return that is must earn on its investments in order to satisfy the various categories of investors‚ who have made investments in the form of shares ‚ debentures and loans. The cost of capital in operational terms refers to the discount rate that would be used in determining the
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