urine by dipping the chemical indicator stick or “dispstick” into a sample of urine. The chemicals in the pad of the indicator stick will react with various biochemicals‚ ions and salts found in urine and indicate the presence of hemoglobin‚ glucose‚ ketones‚ protein and specific gravity. The change
Premium Urine Kidney Urinalysis
Amines are aliphatic and aromatic derivatives of ammonia. Amines‚ like ammonia‚ are weak bases (Kb = 10−4 to 10−6). This basicity is due to the unshared electron pair on the nitrogen atom. Classification and nomenclature of amines Amines are classified as primary‚ secondary‚ or tertiary based upon the number of carbon-containing groups that are attached to the nitrogen atom. Those amine compounds that have only one group attached to the nitrogen atom are primary‚ while those with two or three
Premium Amine Amide Nitrogen
hydroxide in the presence of Stark’s catalyst would be able to de-protonate the acidic fluorene protons. This would result in the formation of a carbanion which attacks the oxygen from the air resulting in the formation of a hydroperoxide and eventually a ketone (after removal of water). Since the goal was to have a mixture of 50% fluorene conversion‚ Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was carried out several times to assess the rate of the reaction. In order to separate the aqueous composites from the solution
Premium Chemistry Hydrogen Chemical reaction
Procedure: The experimental laboratory procedures were divided into two categories. First the formation of phenylmagnesium bromide‚ and second the reaction of the phenylmagnesium bromide with the carbonyl compound. However‚ before any of this could be done‚ the refluxing apparatus for the Grignard reaction was to be flame dried until no moisture remained inside because any water would cause the reagent to decompose and an alkane to form. The reaction would subsequently fail. Drierite was placed
Premium Alcohol Functional groups Magnesium
reaction by demonstrating the synthesis of dibenzalacetone (trans‚ trans-1‚5-Diphenyl-1‚4-pentadien-3-one) through the aldol condensation of acetone with benzaldehyde. The synthesis began by using a strong base to generate the acetone enolate ion. The ketone/enol tautomerization is an equilibrium process that produces little of the enol (ppm or less). However‚ any enol that formed quickly reacted with the strong base to form the enolate ion. Therefore‚ the generation of the enolate drove this reaction
Premium Carbonyl Aldehyde Aldol condensation
visible with a ewe carrying twins or triplets. Ketosis is caused by a lack of food intake and causes the kidney and liver to output ketones or ketone bodies. The ketones cause a sweet smell to the breath and urine of the animal. When an animal is approaching birth‚ the body uses glucose to produce milk and when the body can’t produce glucose anymore‚ it puts out ketones which cause the animal to basically become diabetic. Toxemia is not a contagious disease but usually when an animal in a flock
Premium Embryo Childbirth Glucose
ALCOHOLS Alcohols are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by an -OH group. For the purposes of UK A level‚ we will only look at compounds containing one -OH group. For example: Primary alcohols In a primary (1°) alcohol‚ the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group Some examples of primary alcohols include: Secondary alcohols In a secondary (2°) alcohol‚ the carbon with the -OH group attached is joined directly to
Premium Alcohol Oxygen
polarity may canceled out. Alkane<alkene<alkyne<ether Medium boiling point group: ketones‚ aldehydes‚ amines and esters This group of compound are all polar compounds‚ in other word‚ the strongest intermolecular force is dipole-dipole‚ which is much stronger than dispersion. For ketones and aldehydes‚ they both have oxygen‚ but oxygen is not bonding with hydrogen directly so that they cannot hydrogen bonding. Ketones are more polar than aldehydes because there are two CH3 groups bonded with the C=O
Premium Oxygen Functional group Alcohol
which means her muscle cells and other cells in her body are not able to use glucose in respiration as an energy source. Her body signals the breakdown of fats to provide energy in a process called gluconeogenesis. This breakdown of fats produces ketones such as acetone‚ these molecules are acidic. A build-up of acetone and acetoacetate in Roberta’s blood lowers the pH of her blood. This is known as ketoacidosis. She will begin to rapidly breathe in order to compensate for the high levels of acetone
Premium Blood Heart Oxygen
Introduction The purpose of the experiment was to oxidize and identify an unknown alcohol using hypochlorite‚ or household bleach. During the experiment‚ the bleach oxidized the secondary unknown alcohol into a liquid ketone which was distilled or boiled to find the boiling point and then identified using a chart of unknown identities and boiling points. The oxidation of the unknown alcohol was done through the mixing of the unknown alcohol‚ glacial acetic acid‚ and bleach
Premium Alcohol Oxygen Chemistry