capping agent‚ and help to stabilize gold for long time. Other from their experimental study‚ they performed a detailed quantum chemical calculation using density functional theory or DFT‚ and described the formation of a complex of curcumin with Au3+ ions in different conformational isomeric forms.[28] Suwarna Datar et. al. have reported the conjugation of curcumin with gold nanoparticle and they used PVP K-40 as a linker which form a hydrogen bonding with citrate
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made for the learner to determine the identity of two unknown elements. Hypothesis If the color of one of the unknown elements is the same as one of the known elements‚ then they are the same element. Materials * Samples of the following metallic salts * calcium chloride * copper chloride * iron chloride * lithium chloride * potassium chloride * sodium chloride * strontium chloride * unknown 1 * unknown 2 * Bunsen burner and accessories * Safety
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1. Purpose a. To determine the percent of copper and the formula weight of a copper compound. 2. Introduction a. Magnesium is a very active metal which can reduce copper (II) ions in a weight sample of a compound to metallic copper. The reduction of copper ions in a compound to a copper metal is caused by the addition and oxidation of magnesium. The reaction takes place in an aqueous solution of a weighed sample of a copper-containing salt. Magnesium completely displaces
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moist air containing dissolved oxygen or carbon dioxide‚ the commercial iron behave as if composed of small electrical cells. At anode of cell‚ iron passes into solution as ferrous ions. The electron moves towards the cathode and form hydroxyl ions. Under the influence of dissolved oxygen the ferrous ions and hydroxyl ions interact to form rust‚ i.e.‚ hydrated ferric oxide. Methods of Prevention of Corrosion and Rusting Some of the methods used to prevent corrosion and rusting are discussed here : 1)
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1. Hydrogen Name: Hydrogen Atomic number: 1 Atomic Weight: 1.00794 grams/mole Standard state: gas at 198 K Hydrogen is the lightest Hydrogen is the lightest element. It is by far the most abundant element in the universe and makes up above 90% of Universe by weight. Hydrogen as water (H2O) is absolutely essential to life and it is present in all organic compounds. Hydrogen is lightest gas. Hydrogen gas was used in lighter-than-air balloons for transport but is far too dangerous because
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Redox reactions (Redox terminology‚ galvanic cells‚ standard electrode potentials‚ strength of oxidizing/reducing agents‚ corrosion and protection against it) Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons and reduction is defined as the gain of electrons. Oxidizing agents‚ such as oxygen are defined as substances which accept electrons; reducing agents are substances which donate electrons. Redox reactions are: a) The reactions of metals with non-metals 2Na+Cl2→2Na+Cl- b) The reactions
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of this experiment is to investigate the properties of several substances with the purpose of determining whether they are molecular‚ ionic‚ macromolecular or metallic. Introduction Chemical substances could be named ionic‚ molecular or metallic substance‚ based on the kind of bond present in it. Solid ionic compound is composed of ions‚ which are held together by large electrostatic forces. Bonding in molecular substance is caused by the sharing of electrons by atoms. When the stable aggregates
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There are 3 types of metals for electricity conducting: metallic conductor‚ semiconductor‚ and superconductor. Metallic conductors allow the free flow of ions and electrons through a sample; and its conductivity decreases as the temperature increases. Semiconductors allow the flow of both ions and electrons through the sample but not completely free; and its conductivity increases with increasing temperature. Superconductors are a class of metallic conductor whose resistance drops to zero suddenly below
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PRODUCTION OF CITRIC ACID Introduction: Citric acid is a White solid‚C3H4OH(COOH)3‚soluble in water and slightly soluble in organic solvents‚ which melts at 153 oC. Aqueous solutions of citric acid are slightly more acidic than solutions of acetic acid. Traces of citric acid are found in numerous plants and animals‚ because it is a nearly universal intermediate product of metabolism. Large amount of the acid are found in the juice of citrus fruits‚ from which it is precipitated by the
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SAFETY General WHMIS beforehand – no messing around on anything‚ no food/drink anywhere PPE – goggles‚ coat‚ feet Treatment Skin Chem: emergency shower – TA/HS Eye Chem: eye wash – 10 mins. TA/HS Fire Emergency kill switch for gas‚ electricity and water – leave and set the alarm Stop drop and roll Apparati should be clear of any controls or switches‚ keep vapours to minimum/take need Extinguishers – on the wall inside each 1st year lab Class A - ordinary combustibles
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