Hypothesis testing I Kevin Soo Outline • • • • Theory and the research process What is a hypothesis? Hypothesis testing Statistical models Theory and the research process Theory • A belief – Can be true or false – P (belief) • A proposed/possible explanation for something – ‘Some students do poorly at statistics because they have less exposure to mathematics’ – ‘Women don’t date me because I’m ugly’ – ‘Manchester United lost the Premier League because they struggled with injury
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1. Archaeologists call the earliest Americans: a. Indios. b. Paleo-Indians. c. Native Americans. d. Siberians. 2. Which group dominated Mexico from 900 to 1100 A.D.? a. the Aztecs b. the Toltecs c. the Mayans d. the Olmecs 3. In the fourteenth century‚ Europeans were most familiar with the _________ part of Africa. a. southern b. western c. northern d. eastern 4. Slave status in Africa was: a. generally permanent. b. transferred from parent to child. c. not necessarily
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CHAPTER 29 Multiple Choice ALPHEBETIZED ________ is the most common type of fetal testing. Amniocentesis A chromosomal aberration in which part of a chromosome is lost is known as ________. deletion A female infant is born with several hundred oocytes‚ each one genetically unique. This is due to ________. independent assortment and random crossover An allele that can be masked or suppressed by another allele is said to be __________.Recessive A couple whose blood types are A (IAi) and B
Free Genetics Allele Gene
No more apparent is Machiavelli’s emphasis on individual freedom of choice and the authority of observation‚ as opposed to that of religion‚ than in the above passage. While the author concedes that fortune plays an integral role in the life of a prince or aspiring prince by‚ for example‚ providing opportunity (Machiavelli 26)‚ these humanistic tenets drive the essence of Machiavelli’s argument that the ends ultimately justify the means. That Machiavelli’s stated purpose is to “say something
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Framing a Research Question The word RESEARCH means "finding out" or "discovery"‚ by use of systematic effort‚ information or answers to something you want to know. You RESEARCH by asking questions and by searching for answers to those questions which are satisfactory‚ methodological valid‚ and balanced. You cannot RESEARCH if you do not want to know anything‚ that is‚ you must have something you would like to know more about before you can do RESEARCH. You begin with a QUESTION or QUESTIONS. If you
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Research Question Relationship to Research Design Lyn Shela Heck The research question or hypotheses narrows the purpose statement. It predicts what will be learned and the questions studied. A research question must indicate a target population. It must identify the dependent variable and the independent variable(s) as well as answer what is the desired knowledge or conclusion. Accurate results come from a good research question. Variables must be clearly defined. Based on the data extrapolated
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Hypothesis Testing I Pat Obi What is a “Hypothesis?” A statement or claim about the value of a population parameter: μ‚ σ2‚ p Pat Obi‚ Purdue University Calumet 2 Decision Rule 1. x 0 Z s n Compare calculated Z value to Z value from Table (critical Z value) Reject H0 if calculated Z value lies in the rejection/significance region (i.e. region) ALTERNATIVELY: 2. Compare p-value to Reject H0 if p-value < Pat Obi‚ Purdue University Calumet 3 Two-Tail Test Ex: H0: 0
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Does The End Justify The Means? First‚ let’s try to understand the sense in which the word "justifies" is used in the familiar statement that "the end justifies the means." After that we can consider the problem you raise about whether it is all right to employ any means - good or bad - so long as the end is good. When we say that something is "justified‚" we are simply saying that it is right. Thus‚ for example‚ when we say that a college is justified in expelling a student who falls below
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Hypothesis Testing: Alzheimer ’s Disease Natalie Sullivan PSY/315 August 8‚ 2011 Deborah Suzzane Ph.D. Hypothesis Testing: Alzheimer ’s Disease One in eight American’s over age 65 are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. This number continues to grow as the population increases. The number of people affected by Alzheimer’s is alarming. The Alzheimer’s Association (2011) estimates that 5.4 million Americans of all ages suffer from this disease. Team A will attempt to form a hypothesis stating
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MM Hypothesis – A Critique The assumptions of MM hypothesis are unrealistic and untenable in practice. As a result‚ the conclusions that dividend payment and other methods of financing exactly offset each other and hence‚ the irrelevance of dividends‚ is not a practical proposition; it is of merely theoretical relevance. The validity of MM approach is open to question on two counts: 1. Imperfection of Capital market 2. Resolution of uncertainty Market Imperfection MM assume that capital markets
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