Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) ARR provides a quick estimate of a project’s worth over its useful life. ARR is derived by finding profits before taxes and interest. ARR is an accounting method used for purposes of comparison. The major drawbacks of ARR are that it uses profit rather than cash flows‚ and it does not account for the time value of money. ARR is most often used internally when selecting projects. It can also be used to measure the performance of projects and subsidiaries within
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up of its borders and the privatization of many infrastructure industries such as transportation and communication. This paper addresses the adoption and applicability of International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)‚ issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to India.3 Specifically‚ the paper highlights some major areas where the country lacked harmonization with IAS in 1993 and the rapid congruence with IAS in the decade that
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objectives and the roles of financial accounting “Accounting is an information system that identifies‚ records‚ and communicates the economic events of an organization to interested users.”1. The basic objective of accounting is to provide information to the interested users to enable them to make business decisions and “Financial statements are the primary means of communicating financial information to parties outside the business organization.”2. Moreover‚ accounting can give the essential information
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Harmonization of International Accounting Standards: Advantages & Disadvantages‚ Obstacles & Solutions As the trend for globalization in business becomes increasingly important for economic success‚ many issues arise through international business practices for corporations‚ governments‚ and investors. Due to the many conflicting codes and practices that exist between various national financial accounting standards throughout the world‚ international business becomes harder to analyze
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(A) Rules-based accounting standard Rule-based systems are fairly simplistic‚ consisting of little more than a set of if-then statements‚ but provide the basis for so-called "expert systems" which are widely used in many fields. The concept of an expert system is this: the knowledge of an expert is encoded into the rule set. When exposed to the same data‚ the expert system AI will perform in a similar manner to the expert. Rule-based systems are a relatively simple model that can be adapted to
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REPORT IN DEFENCE OR FAVOUR FOR THE ADVOCATE OF AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD OF ACCOUNTING PRACTICE. INTRODUCTION Internationalization of economic trade and globalization of businesses is on the ascendency. Consequently‚ financial statements prepared according to a nation’s local accounting system may hardly meet the needs of investors‚ business partners‚ financiers and decision-makers who are conversant with international standards. Meanwhile‚ developing and emerging markets are the target of the
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Accounting Theory (ACNT 1391-6425) Group Project Paper Accounting Treatment of Research and Development Costs Definition of Research and Development Research and Development activities are the cornerstones to corporations attempting to develop or improve their products or manufacturing methods or facilities. Companies normally undertake these activities with the expectation that the result will generate significant income. This paper will attempt to expound on the accounting treatment
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Introduction of Standard costing 2. : CIMA { } 3. : Advantages of Standard costing 4. : Limitation of standard costing 5. : Types of standard costing 6. : Examples of standard costing 7. : Variance analysis 8. : Types of analysis 9. : Refferences 10. : Conclusion Standard Costing and Variance Analysis Introduction MEANING OF STANDARD COST AND STANDARD COSTING Standard Cost The word
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Introduction: The basic objective of accounting is to provide information that is useful in making business and economic decisions. What makes accounting information useful for decision-making? The answer is however the accounting information confirms to the qualities that should be possessed by the financial and cost & Managerial reporting. In view and addition to this‚ the importance of strategic cost management and costing techniques like Activity based costing should not be underestimated. This
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TERM PAPER STANDARD COSTING MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING & CONTROL SYSTEM Srinidhi Rangarajan 1PB11MBA34 3rd SEM M.B.A PESIT ABSTRACT In recent years‚ numerous tools such as activity-based costing‚ the balanced score card and target costing have gained prominence in the business community. Nonetheless‚ traditional management accounting continues to be prevalent in practice. One example is standard costing‚ which has been used on a wide front during
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