INTRODUCTION Companies need to choose from among various sources of finance depending on the amount of capital required and the term for which it is needed. Finance sources can be divided into three categories‚ namely traditional sources‚ ownership capital and non-ownership capital. Traditional sources are the internally generated capital (retained earnings); ownership capital is the capital owned by shareholders of the company (ordinary shares) while non-ownership capital includes funds from lenders
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(faith and believe)‚ Akhlak (ethics and morality) and Muamalat (transactions). The latest one‚ Islamic law of transactions (fiqh muamalat) has become inevitable in contemporary Islamic finance. The main rationale could be found in the fact that to some level‚ companies engaging in the business of Islamic finance act upon on the foundation of profit maximization. This must be practiced by embracing the Shariah doctrine‚ one of which is the disallowance of interest or usury as riba. By doing so
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of its cost and complexity‚ project finance is aimed at large-scale investments. The key is in the precise estimation of cash flows and risk analysis and allocation‚ which enables high leverage‚ and in ensuring that the project can be easily separated from the sponsors involved. Project finance is more difficult in emerging countries‚ which tend to pose unpredictable risks with unfavorably biased results. This study investigates the role of project finance as a driver of economic growth. It is
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References: Merlo‚ Alida and Benekos‚ Peter. (1999) “Prison over crowding creates a Need for Prison Alternatives”. Article 15. Opposing viewpoints on Prisons. Risley‚ David. (2000) “Mandatory Sentences are an Effective Strategy in the War on Drugs”. Article 2. Opposing viewpoints on Mandatory Drug Sentencing.
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CORPORATE FINANCE Master in Banking and Finance 2012 FINAL EXAM A. PROBLEMS (20 points each problem) 1. FAGE Manufacturing is currently an all-equity firm with 20 million shares outstanding and a stock price of $7.50 per share. Although investors currently expect FAGE to remain an all-equity firm‚ the company plans to announce that it will borrow $50 million and use the funds to repurchase shares. FAGE will pay interest only on this debt‚ and it has no further plans to increase or decrease
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Week 2 Sources of Finance 1) Introduction It was explained in week 1 that this week’s lectures will focus primarily on institutions that provide finance. Finance has been defined by Chadwick and Kirkby (1995‚ p 38) in their book Financial Management (first edition‚ publisher Routledge) as a “system of costs and risks”. As we will see throughout the course‚ the notion of risk from an investor’s point of view is related to whether there is the accrual of the financial returns that are anticipated
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www.ccsenet.org/ijef International Journal of Economics and Finance Vol. 4‚ No. 5; May 2012 The Usefulness of an Accounting Information System for Effective Organizational Performance Siamak Nejadhosseini Soudani (Corresponding author) School of Accounting and Management‚ Islamic Azad University U.A.E. Branch PO Box: 502321‚ Block 4A‚ Knowledge Village‚ Dubai‚ UAE Tel: 97-14-295-3314 Received: March 19‚ 2012 doi:10.5539/ijef.v4n5p136 E-mail: Siamak.nejadhosseini@gmail.com Accepted:
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International Finance SMM475 Maik Schmeling 2014 Maik Schmeling International Finance (MSc) 1 / 268 How to reach me Contact details: e-Mail: Office: Office hours: Maik.Schmeling.1@city.ac.uk 5055 Tuesday‚ 10.00 – 11.30 If you have questions regarding the content of the course you can always send me an e-mail (and expect a quick answer) or come to my office hours. Maik Schmeling International Finance (MSc) 2 / 268 Readings As a general rule‚ the slides contain
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Sources of finance Some sources of finance are short term and must be paid back within a year. Other sources of finance are long term and can be paid back over many years. Internal sources of finance are funds found inside the business. For example‚ profits can be kept back to finance expansion. Alternatively the business can sell assets that are no longer really needed to free up cash. External sources of finance are found outside the business. For example from creditors or banks. Internal
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SOURCES OF FINANCE There are various sources available to meet short term needs of finance. The different sources are discussed below: 7.1 Trade Credit: It represents credit granted by suppliers of goods‚ etc.‚ as an incident of sale. The usual duration of such credit is 15 to 90 days. It generates automatically in the course of business and is common to almost all business operations. It can be in the form of an ’open account’ or ’bills payable’. Trade credit is preferred as a source of finance because
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