(8‚100) Tax cost (2‚730) (3‚075) (4‚590) Net cash flow $6‚020 $5‚175 $10‚710 Discount factor (6%) .943 .890 Present value $6‚020 $4‚880 $9‚532 NPV $20‚432 11. a. Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Before-tax cash flow $(500‚000) $52‚500 $47‚500 $35‚500 $530‚500 Tax cost (7‚875) (7‚125) (5‚325) (4‚575) After-tax cash flow 44‚625 40‚375 30‚175 525‚925 Discount factor (7%) .935 .873 .816 .763 Present value $(500‚000) $41‚724 $35‚247 $24‚623 $401‚281 NPV
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Solvent- when its assets exceeds its liabilitites Liquid- when it can pay its bills on time without undue cost Financially flexible- ability of a company to augment its future cf’s to cover cash needs and take advantage of unforeseen opportunities Current Ratio and Quick Ratio are best characteristics of solvency Current ratio- degree to which current liabilities are covered in event of liquidation Basic ingredients of liquidity – Amount- Time- Cost Lambda- is developed from a function of the
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Short Term Memory After reading several articles on short term memory‚ I noticed mostly everyone defines it differently. The most frequent definition is a system for temporarily storing and managing information required to carry out complex cognitive tasks such as learning‚ reasoning and comprehension. It is involved in selection‚ initiation and termination of information - processing functions such as encoding‚ storing‚ and retrieving data. Short term memory is the little thing that completely
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diagnosis What is the disease or condition? How serious is my illness or condition and how will it affect my home and work life? What is the short-term and long-term prognosis for my disease or condition? What caused the disease or condition? There is more than a disease or condition that may be causing my symptoms? Should I be tested for a specific disease or condition? What symptoms should I watch for? How can I be tested for a disease or condition‚ and what these tests tell me? What evidence will
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OF THE THREE DIVIDEND POLICY THEORIES Figure 13A-1 illustrates the three alternative dividend policy theories: (1) Miller and Modigliani’s dividend irrelevance theory‚ (2) Gordon and Lintner’s bird-in-thehand theory‚ and (3) the tax preference theory. To understand the three theories‚ consider the case of Hardin Electronics‚ which has from its inception plowed all earnings back into the business and thus has never paid a dividend. Hardin’s management is now reconsidering its dividend policy‚ and
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15.3 Dividend Relevance Model 15.3.1 15.3.2 Walter Model Gordon’s Dividend Capitalization Model Dividend Decision 15.4 Dividend Irrelevance Theory: Miller and Modigliani Model 15.5 Stability of Dividends 15.6 Forms of Dividends 15.7 Stock Split 15.8 Summary Terminal Questions Answers to SAQs and TQs 15.1 Introduction Dividends are that portion of a firm’s net earnings paid to the shareholders. Preference shareholders are entitled to a fixed rate of dividend irrespective
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Sources of Finance in Short Term Source of short term finance refers to money that is needed for financial activities carried out for less than one year. These funds are usually used for day to day operations such as payment of wages‚ inventory ordering‚ advertisement expenses and so on. There are different sources of rising the short time finance can vary according to way of their usage. Bank Overdraft This is a temporary source found that is provided by bank in which business has a
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Fojtasek financing problem is very common to many other family companies. Family members are not interested in the family business‚ they would rather liquidate their equity and use it to do something else. Compare with traditional buy-out and leveraged recapitalization‚ the offer from Heritage seems the best option even though the price is undervalued. The first reason‚ Heritage Partners is an expert in the market segment of mature but successful family companies. They are aware of the firm’s operating
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Constructive Dividends In Ltr. Rul 20028806‚ the shareholders of a corporation owned‚ managed‚ and operated country club were given discounts for the use of the club’s facilities. The club was located in a community where both non shareholders and shareholders resided. Shareholders received discounts on membership dues as well as other incentives inside the club. Taxpayer requested a letter ruling on whether or not the discounts received constitute as constructive dividends received. The IRS indeed
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Special Education: What is Special About it? Grand Canyon University: UNV 501 August 6‚ 2012 Special Education: What is Special About it? Aron‚ L.‚ & Loprest‚ P. (2012). Disability and the education system. Future Of Children‚ 22(1)‚ 97-122. Education of people with disabilities has not always been what it is today and this article reviews the history of special education and the process of getting it where it is today. I am interested in this article because it shows how society has come
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