under efficient operating conditions absorption costing all manufacturing costs are assigned to products: direct material‚ direct labour‚ variable and fixed manufacturing overhead acceptable quality level (AQL) the defect rate at which total quality costs are minimised account classification method (or account analysis) the process in which managers use their judgement to classify costs as fixed‚ variable or semivariable costs accounting rate of return (or simple rate of return‚ rate of return on assets
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Telus: The Cost of Capital Telus needs to calculate the cost of capital from the variety of data given. The cost of capital is determined mostly by how the funds are used rather than where they were obtained from. It relies on the risk of investments Telus involves in‚ therefore‚ depending on cost of both equity of debt as described below. Also note that‚ even though the preferred shares are not attractive to issuers and may not get issued again‚ it is still on the company’s balance sheet and affect
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+5 and the income elasticity of demand for a cabinet maker’s work is +0.5. Compare the impact on pre-recorded music compact disks and the cabinet maker’s work of a recession that reduces consumer incomes by 10 per cent. (2 marks) (b) How might you determine whether the pre-recorded music compact discs and MP3 music players are in competition with each other? (2 marks) (c) Interpret the following Income Elasticities of Demand (YED) values for the following and state if the good is normal
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Joint Stock Companies Among the different forms of business organizations which are functioning as at present‚ the predominant form of business organization during these modern days is found to be joint stock companies. Joint stock companies are termed as corporations in United States. Such form of business organization is necessary to undertake any business or industry on a large scale. This is because it overcomes the drawbacks of sole proprietorship and partnership. Such form of business
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Merchandising in global penny stocks is a very good opportunity of investment. If you do not have a basic understanding of how to trade penny stock it will be a great risk in investing and you may make boundless mistakes out of ignorance and absence of direction. It is more favorable to invest in companies which are waiting for their future rather than companies which have already matured are now in decline. While investing in penny stocks‚ there is no doubt that there is a huge insubstantially in
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Cost Theory in Economics A central economic concept is that getting something requires giving up something else. For example‚ earning more money may require working more hours‚ which costs more leisure time. Economists use cost theory to provide a framework for understanding how individuals and firms allocate resources in such a way that keeps costs low and benefits high. 1. Function * Economists view costs as what an individual or firm must give up to get something else. Opening a
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The Philippine Stock Exchange‚ Inc. ("PSE" or the "Exchange") is a private organization that provides and ensures a fair‚ efficient‚ transparent and orderly market for the buying and selling of securities. PSE traces its roots from the country’s two former bourses: the Manila Stock Exchange ("MSE") and the Makati Stock Exchange ("MkSE"). Founded in March 1927‚ the MSE was the first stock exchange in the Philippines and one of the oldest in Asia. Originally housed in downtown Manila‚ the MSE moved
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Lessons Learned from Managing a Personal Stock Portfolio This report is going to talk about every aspect of the stock market game that I recently finished participating in with this Intro to Business class. It will state the good and bad times I experienced doing this project‚ my most and least successful trades‚ the challenging and easy activities that went along with this project‚ improvements‚ and most importantly‚ what I learned from taking part in this game. First of all‚ I would like
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CAPM CAPM provides a framework for measuring the systematic risk of an individual security and relate it to the systematic risk of a well-diversified portfolio. The risk of individual securities is measured by β (beta). Thus‚ the equation for security market line (SML) is: E(Rj) = Rf + [E(Rm) – Rf] βj (Equation 1) Where E(Rj) is the expected return on security j‚ Rf the risk-free rate of interest‚ Rm the expected return on the market portfolio and βj the undiversifiable risk of security
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Cost Management and Analysis (22753) Energy Efficiency Initiative Executive summary Introduction This report is an evaluation and recommendation for CSR about an investment in new forklifts in order to replace the100 old diesel forklifts (3.5 tonnes‚TCM) mainly used indoors at the group’s plants and distributions sites. There are three alternatives which best meets CSR’s needs; the gas‚ the electrical and the bio-diesel. The three alternatives in the capital expenditure proposal fall under
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