Cells: Innate Immunity Phagocyte – internalize and destroy antigen Receptors and Ligands Phagocyte Receptor Direct PPRR* Indirect FcγR CR-1 complement receptor CRP binding site (C-reactive Protein) * Primitive Pattern Recognition Receptors Antigen Ligand PAMPS** IgG (Fc) C3b CRP ** Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns Armamentarium o Lysosomal Enzymes Lactoferrin – binds iron Defensins – permeabalize membranes Lysozyme – destroys bacterial wall Myeloperoxidase
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B-lymphocytes predominate in Peyer’s patches. Smaller lymphoid nodules can be found throughout the intestinal tract. 2. Lamina propria lymphocytes: These are lymphocytes scattered in the lamina propria of the mucosa. A majority of these cells are IgA-secreting B cells. 3. Intraepithelial lymphocytes: These are lymphcytes that are positioned in the basolateral spaces between lumenal epithelial cells‚ beneath the tight junctions (they are "inside" the epithelium‚ but not inside epithelial cells as
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Strength Electronics - Sony is a well-recognized and respected brand with consumers‚ and its products cover a wide spectrum of the entertainment and industrial markets Threats Electronics - new entrants are threatening sony’s position due to the industry shift from analog to digital technology. In the analog era‚ complicated functionality of electronics products was made possible through the combination of several complex parts‚ and Sony held a competitive advantage in the design and manufacture
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List of skin conditions Acne A common inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous (oil secreting) glands of the skin causing inflamed red pimples on the face and neck. Most people affected by acne are aged between 12 and 25. However‚ men and women in their 30s and 40s can also suffer. There are many treatments available to help deal with the condition. Alopecia Alopecia means sudden hair loss. There are many different causes and patterns of hair loss. Any area can be involved including eyebrows and
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and household cleaning. Businesses that retail in a specific range of products and convenience stores are not included in this industry. In 2008‚ Woolworths was at the top of the market share in the supermarket industry‚ following by Coles‚ Metcash/IGA and ALDI. In recent times there have been a few key changes to the Australian supermarket industry‚ including the entrance of ALDI from Germany. In the economic and business environment point of view‚ the government is significant for the supermarket
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were no focal neurological abnormalities and MRI and EEG tests were normal. Abnormal laboratory results were significantly raised urinary methylmalonic acid compared with agematched controls (p=0·003)‚ low haemoglobin in four children‚ and a low serum IgA in four children.” However‚ this study has since been retracted and Mr.
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playing only seven matches since her professional debut. In 1996‚ Venus’s serve at the Bauch and Lomb Championships was recorded at 108 miles per hour‚ which was the ninth fastest serve on tour that year. In 1998‚ Venus won her first singles title‚ the IGA Tennis Classic. Venus did not stop there‚ she went on to win the French Open in 2002‚ against her sister Serena‚ and this match made her number one in the world. Venus has won more than five Wimbledon titles‚ something that has been only achieved
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DNA vaccines: new applications for veterinary medicine Vinciane Dufour Service de Biologie Moleculaire‚ Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA)‚ Ploufragan‚ Brittany‚ France Introduction In 1990‚ Wolff and his colleagues were the first to report the successful expression of naked plasmid DNA in mouse muscle tissue [108]. A few years later it was reported that the injection of DNA encoding an antigenic protein of influenza virus conferred protective immunity in mice [97].
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soldier fought with honour where they were expected to fight openly and face their enemy‚ however the Ninja had more secretive roles including spy‚ scout‚ surprise attacker and agitator. Records tell of ninja who retreated to the mountains near Iga and Koga of central japan to meditate and
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Multiplication of contaminant bacteria in urine and interpretation of delayed culture. Abstract A prospective study of the bacterial populations of non-infected urine was mounted in an attempt to define the length of delay between voiding and analysis during which culture would not give false positive results due to the multiplication of contaminant bacteria present at the time of voiding. The findings suggest that culture of urine within four hours of voiding is likely to give a true indication
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