Definitions of Science An organized body of knowledge gathered over a long period of time to explain the world we live in. Knowledge or a system covering general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested through scientific method. Scientific Method 1. Identifying the problem (Questioning) 2. Gathering Preliminary data 3. Formulating a hypothesis* 4. Testing of the hypothesis 5. Analysis and Interpretation of data 6. Drawing of Conclusion
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Summary of the geology of Gunung Jerai Gunung Jerai is a mountainous region located in central Kedah‚ between the borders of Kuala Muda and Yan district. The highest point of Gunung Jerai is recorded to be 1217 meters and Gunung Jerai covers a total area of 86.4 square kilometers (Lee et al.‚ 2004). According to Bradford (1972)‚ the existence of Gunung Jerai can be related to the Jerai Formation and the Patani Formation. The Jerai Formation‚ named after Gunung Jerai itself‚ is of Cambrian age with
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Island. Lakes‚ ponds‚ streams‚ hiking trails‚ and roads are some of the many features that attract tourists. Nearly all the landforms in the Yosemite area are cut from a mass of intrusive igneous rock that formed below the surface of the earth. Some of the park’s landforms are metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Erosion that acted upon different types of uplift is responsible for creating the valleys‚ canyons‚ domes and other features found in this national park. Some of the popular features
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paleontology‚ geochemistry‚ hydrology and tectonics Lithosphere - rigid outer shell of the planet and includes the solid uppermost part of the layer below the crust‚ called the mantle -oceanic crust-dense rock called basalt -continental crust-less dense rock called granite -asthenosphere - partially molten layer under the crust with flows like melted plastic Hydrosphere - water in earth’s oceans‚ seas‚ lakes‚ rivers‚ glaciers and atmosphere -97% salt
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Minerals Eight most abundant elements in the Earth’s Crust: Abundance % by weight – Most common Ionic Form Most Common Coordination Numbers Relative Ionic Size Oxygen (O) 46.6 % O-2 - - - 1.40 Silicon (Si) 27.7 % Si+4 Si (4) 0.26 Aluminum (Al) 8.1 % Al+3 Al (4‚ or 6) 0.39 Iron (Fe) 5.0 % Fe+2 Fe (6) 0.63 Calcium (Ca) 3.6 % Ca+2 Ca (8) 1.00 Sodium (Na) 2.8 % Na+1 Na (8) 0.99 Potassium (K) 2.6 % K+1 K (8‚ 12) 1.37 Magnesium (Mg) 2.1 % Mg+2 - - - 0.72 Distinction between crystalline and non-crystalline
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Introduction Weathering is the breakdown and alteration of rocks and minerals at or near the Earth’s surface into products that are more in equilibrium with the conditions found in this environment. Most rocks and minerals are formed deep within the Earth’s crust where temperatures and pressures differ greatly from the surface. Because the physical and chemical nature of materials formed in the Earth’s interior are characteristically in disequilibrium with conditions occurring on the surface.
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band in a Gneiss. An anticline occurs on a much larger scale. The both are affected by the same compressional stress. In an anticline the oldest rocks are exposed in the middle of the structure and get younger as you move out. They are likely to out crop especially if the syncline has a resistant layer. On a map you would look for an area with older rocks in the middle with younger units as you move outward. The difference between a synform and a syncline are the same as with the antiform and the
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aggregate geologic record. All life-structures were for quite some time expected to have begun in the Cambrian‚ and consequently all prior rocks were gathered together into the Precambrian. Albeit numerous fluctuated types of life developed and were safeguarded widely as fossil stays in Cambrian sedimentary rocks‚ point by point mapping and examination of Precambrian rocks on most mainlands have uncovered that extra primitive life-shapes existed as right on time as around 3.48 billion years prior. By the
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P.E. Potter J. B. Maynard P. J. Depetris Mud and Mudstones Introduction and Overview With 261 Figures and 48 Tables !j~ Springer LIBRARY CONCORD UNtVERSITY ATHENS‚ WEST VIRGINIA ~ OS ~ Paul E. Potter University of Cincinnati Department of Geology Cincinnati 45221-0013 Ohio USA J. Barry Maynard University of Cincinnati Department of Geology Cincinnati 45221-0013 Ohio USA Pedro J. Depetris Centro de Investigaciones Geoquimicas y de Procesos de la Superficie (CIGeS)‚ FCEFyN
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Axia College Material Appendix L Week Six Lab Report: Metamorphic Rocks Answer the lab questions for this week and summarize the lab experience using this form. Full Name Date Carefully read pages 108-116 of Geoscience Laboratory. Complete this week’s lab by filling in your responses to the questions from Geoscience Laboratory. Select answers are provided for you in red font to assist you with your lab work. Although you are only required to respond to the questions in this worksheet
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