MEMOIRE DE FIN D’ETUDES AUDIT DES STOCKS DANS LE SECTEUR DE LA DISTRIBUTION DU GPL DEDICACES Je dédie ce présent travail de recherche A mes chères parents‚ à mes chères grands-parents‚ à mon frère Hicham à Monsieur Biad et à la bibliothèque de l’ISCAE. JUIN 2005 -1- MEMOIRE DE FIN D’ETUDES AUDIT DES STOCKS DANS LE SECTEUR DE LA DISTRIBUTION DU GPL REMERCIEMENTS Au prime abord je tiens à présenter un grand hommage à la personne de Mr M. A. EL MACHAT‚ l’associé principal du cabinet
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Marketing Audit How to conduct a marketing audit The marketing audit is a fundamental part of the marketing planning process. It is conducted not only at the beginning of the process‚ but also at a series of points during the implementation of the plan. The marketing audit considers both internal and external influences on marketing planning‚ as well as a review of the plan itself. There are a number of tools and audits that can be used‚ for example SWOT analysis for the internal environment‚ as
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paragraph 7‚ accounting system is defined as “the series of tasks and records of an entity by which transactions are processed as a means of maintaining financial records. Such system identifies‚ assemble‚ analyse‚ calculate‚ record‚ summarise‚ and report transactions and other events." From the ISA400 also‚ internal control is defined as “all the policies and procedures adopted by the management of an entity to assist in achieving management’s objective of ensuring as far as practicable‚ the orderly
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VALUE FOR MONEY It could be defined as a concept that evaluates the use of resources at the disposal of an organization with the view to ensuring that the resources have been properly utilized. VFM frequently makes extensive use of performance indicators in the form of ratios and other statistics to sign post VFM through trends over time‚ in comparison to two operating units etc. Under this concept‚ we have three test ways to know if the firms resources have been properly utilized and it includes;
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Confirmation as Audit Evidence Introduction The confirmation in the auditing process is a technique for obtain and evaluate a communication from a third party in response to a request for information made by the auditor. The request of the information can be both written and oral communications. According to Aldhizer and Cashell (2006)‚ the auditor controls the initial mailing of confirmation requests to the client’s banks‚ debts of their customers and others. Prasad (2007) described‚ that the purpose
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the following statements is not true? The answer is B‚ Balance-related audit objectives are applied to both beginning and ending balances in balance sheet accounts. The reason this is the right answer is because the way audits are preformed‚ balance-related audit objectives are almost always applied to the ending balance sheet accounts. It never applies to the beginning balance in the balance sheet accounts. (Page 158) 8. Audit evidence has two primary qualities for the auditor; relevance and reliability
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following Objectives: “To revitalize the declining Aer Lingus brand in order to increase airline travel in the Irish market” Following Question shell been answer; Segmentation‚ targeting and positioning Strategy to be defined for the IMC Campaign. Advertising must be chosen with two other promotional tools. Contemporary and Traditional promotional tools that you will use to achieve this objective and the rationale behind selecting these tools. You must discuss the relationship
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AUDIT EXPECTATION GAP The phrase "Audit Expectations Gap" was first introduced into the literature over thirty five years ago‚ by Liggio (1974)‚ under the Cohen Commission. It was defined as the difference between the levels of expected performance "as envisioned by the independent accountant and by the user of financial statements" The term ‘expectation gap’ is commonly utilized to describe the situation whereby a difference in expectation exists between a group with a certain expertise‚ and
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Audit Quality and Audit Firm Size: Revisited by Dan A. Simunic The University of British Columbia December‚ 2003 Background: 1. Audit quality is an important element of corporate governance – although it’s unclear whether audit quality and other aspects of corporate governance (e.g. director knowledge and independence) are fundamentally complements or substitutes. 2. Notion that audit quality varies systematically across classes of audit firms (now Big 4 vs. non-Big 4) has been
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Theories of auditing There are several different theories that may explain the demand for audit services. Some of them are well known in research and some of them are more based on perceptions. Figure 1 illustrates four audit theories according to Hayes et al. (2005). The policeman theory claims that the auditor is responsible for searching‚ discovering and preventing fraud. In the early 20thcentury this was certainly the case. However‚ more recently the main focus of auditors has been to provide
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