(Institute.Org‚ n.d.) Since 1981‚ the (HIV) epidemic has continued to expand in the United States; In the Summer of 1982 the HIV virus was officially names AIDS‚ also being called other names as “gay-related immune deficiency” (GRID). The names changed when the Doctors realized the heterosexuals could also be affected. (Institute.Org‚ n.d.) In 1983‚ scientists discovered the virus that causes AIDS. The virus was at first named HTLV-III/LAV (human T-cell lymphotropic
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disease attacks the immune system which is not strong enough to fight this deadly disease. The AIDS disease has a number of symptoms and conditions that come with it. HIV causes the disease AIDS. HIV means human immunodeficiency virus. A virus is a very small organism that gets into a person’s body and makes a disease. The virus HIV also only affects humans. If someone has been infected with AIDS they are called HIV positive or seropositive. HIV weakens a persons immune system and causes the disease
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the Immune System chapter 1 T defense system that has evolved to protect animals from invading pathogenic microorganisms and cancer. It is able to generate an enormous variety of cells and molecules capable of specifically recognizing and eliminating an apparently limitless variety of foreign invaders. These cells and molecules act together in a dynamic network whose complexity rivals that of the nervous system. Functionally‚ an immune response
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binds to only their specific antigen. Antigens are defined as anything that makes the immune system respond by producing antibodies. They are often viruses‚ bacteria‚ or fungi‚ but can sometimes be dust‚ chemicals‚ pollen‚ or food proteins that cause allergic reactions. (Antigens that cause allergic reactions are called allergens). An epitope is the part of the antigen to which the antibody binds. Once the immune system has created and antibody for an antigen whose attack it has survived‚ it continues
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pathogens. It can also act by sabotaging the immune system by invading macrophages and preventing the formation of secondary particles. The disease is spread through the air from one person to another through coughing‚ sneezing‚ etc. It commonly is a pulmonary disease‚ attacking the lungs‚ but can also spread to a variety of other places such as the kidney or brain. It can remain latent for extended periods of time‚ surfacing when the immune system is compromised for a variety of reasons.
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1. Explain what clonal selection theory is and its role in humoral or antibody-mediated immunity. Clonal selection theory is a rationalization for the growth of lymphocyte specificity and diversity during immune development. This theory demonstrates how immunological memory can deliver a fast reaction when coming into contact with an antigen that has been seen for the second time. Specifically‚ the clonal selection theory is based on the concept that premature‚ undifferentiated lymphocytes in the
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you have AIDS. Having AIDS usually means that you are HIV positive. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) basically breaks down your immune system until it can’t function properly anymore. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) never really kills anyone; instead it is a disease like pneumonia or something like that‚ that the body cannot fight because its immune system is very weak. The first reported case of AIDS in the United States was in 1981. Nearly 900‚000 American citizens have the HIV virus
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infants and elderly people. This is due to infants immune systems not being fully developed and the elderly’s being weakened. Undeveloped or weak immune systems can’t contain the spread of the bacteria as well as a healthy one. A healthy immune response to tuberculosis would involve the body creating a wall around the bacteria. Then the body encases the surrounded bacteria in scar tissue to prevent the spread of the disease. These sac-like immune defense structures the body forms are known as tubercles
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Heart transplants In this paper about heart transplants I will be talking about the operation‚ and what needs to happen before surgery. Then I will be telling you about the beginning of all transplants and who accomplished it. Then I will talk about what a heart transplant actually is. After that I will tell you what the purpose of a heart transplant is and why we use this procedure. I will talk about the safety precautions and a lot of other dangers‚ or things that can go wrong in or after
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The word immune literally means "free from burden."Used to a general sense‚immunity refers to the ability of an organism to regonize and defend itself against infectious agents.Susceptibility‚the opposite of immunity‚is the vulnerability of the host to harm by infectious agents.Host organisms have many general defenses against invading infectious organisms Immunity produced bu such defenses is called innate immunity.In contrast‚adaptive immunity is the ability of a host to mount a defense against
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