The innate immune system is referred to as the first line in host defense against invading pathogens and preserve host integrity [1]. Of them the innate immune cells have sensors such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) detect molecular components of foreign microorgan¬isms known as pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs) through PRRs. Its highly developed ability to recognize microbial patterns and host derived danger signals relies on so-called PRRs‚ especially on the TLRs‚ RLRs and
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Research into the effects of stress on the immune system There have been various studies into the effects of stress on the immune system. Kiecolt-Glaser researches this by looking at how quickly wounds heal. She used 13 women aged 47-81 who cared for Alzheimer’s and Dementia sufferers. They had naturally occurring high stress levels‚ and this is why she chose them. The women were matched with volunteers for maximum similarity (the matched pairs design). Kiecolt-Glaser tested all the women’s
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The role of the immune system in Parkinson disease Last semester‚ I took a class with Professor Jia Shi‚ Pathophysiology of Disease‚ and we covered the role of the immune system in many diseases and in our body. This phenomenal system‚ the immune system‚ defends us when we are awake and asleep. It works around the clock without rest to keep all the invaders away like bacteria and viruses. Scientifically at the molecular level‚ there are proteins called Cytokines that are produced by
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1. The mercenary camp was in the Motaba River Valley of Zaire was bombed to stop the virus from spreading. 2. No I would have removed all the people and disinfected all of them so the virus would stay in the forest and nobody would die. 3. Sam Daniels and his crew were sent out to the Motaba Valley because there was a level 4 virus. 4. The conditions in the Motaba valley were sad‚ smoky‚ poor and there were dead people everywhere. 5. The symptoms of the mystery disease at Motaba Valley
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hypersensitive disorder of immune system. An allergy is a type of reaction of the immune system. Substances that often cause allergic reactions are pollen‚ dust mites‚ mold spores‚ pet dander‚ food‚ insect stings and medicines. The body’s defense mechanism works over time to react against these foreign particles (known as allergens)‚ which may pose danger to normal functioning of the human system. People with allergies have an exaggerated response of the immune system. However‚ in most allergic
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infection and protect against diseases caused by infectious agents. It works against a specific disease by training the immune system to rapidly recognize and eliminate the infectious agent that causes that disease‚ thus resulting in immunity. Protection can be acquired either by passive or by active immunization.Passive immunization involves transfer of antibodies obtained from an immune donor to a nonimmune individual and results in temporary immunity. Currently‚ antibody-based therapies represent a
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ic01 ICO1 1.1 it is the employees responsibility and role in relation to the prevention and control of infection by: • Ensure personal hygiene is kept to a maximum‚ hands are continuously washed and are done so before assisting an individual and after assisting an individual and are also sanitised after washing each time. • PPE is worn at all times when dealing with personal hygine matters and bodily fluids. • Soiled materials and any bodily fluids are disposed of in the correct methods
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Chapter 20: The Immune System The immune system has two intrinsic systems: 1. Innate (nonspecific) defense system 2. Adaptive (specific) defense system The immune system is a functional system rather than structural; there are no specific immune system organs Pathogen: a disease-causing agent; anything foreign in our body that causes disease Three lines of defense: 1st: external barriers 2nd: several non-specific defense mechanisms 3rd: immunity‚ specific resistance to disease
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after exposure to offending antigen ❑ Immediate hypersensitivity – Ab mediated ❑ Delayed hypersensitivity – Cell mediated Types of Hypersensitivity Type I - ANAPHYLACTIC Type II - CYTOTOXIC Type III – IMMUNE MEDIATED Type IV – DELAYED Type I Hypersensitivity (Anaphylaxis‚ Atopy or allergy) ■ Occurs in atopic persons in response to: ❑ Allergens‚ bee sting‚ venom‚ pollen‚house mite‚ dust ❑ Administered/injected antigens
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Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. When cells in part of the body become overactive‚ cancer begins. Many kinds of cancer start because of the out of control growth of abnormal cells. How can you prevent cancer? Research shows that there are ways to prevent cancer. Avoiding smoking cigarettes and exposure to smoke will decrease the chances of getting lung cancer. Fruits‚ vegetables and a well balanced diet are important to keep healthy and will help repair damaged
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