natural growth of the English language and literature. The Old English or Anglo-Saxon had been a purely Germanic speech‚ with a complicated grammar and a full set of inflections. For three hundred years following the battle of Hastings this native tongue was driven from the king’s court and the courts of law‚ from Parliament‚ school‚ and university. During all this time there were two languages spoken in England. Norman French was the birth-tongue of the upper classes and English of the lower. When
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A young Japanese teenager‚ by the name of Mutsuhito (Huffman)‚ was given this document to sign in April 1868 (Morton and Olenik 147). This boy is better known as the Emperor Meiji‚ or “Enlightened rule (Morton and Olenik 147).” The name “Meiji Restoration” came from this name‚ and it officially began on January 3‚ 1868 (Huffman). He and his followers claimed power on this date in a “relatively tranquil coup (Huffman)” that overthrew the previous administration‚ the Tokugawa regime (Huffman). The
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Medieval English Literature (ca 700-1485) Those Who Pray‚ Work‚ and Fight |It is well known that in this world |and defend our land against an invading army. | |there are three orders‚ set in unity: |Now the farmer works to provide our food‚ | |these are laboratores‚ oratores‚ bellatores. |And the worldly warrior must fight against our foes‚ | |Laboratores are those who labor for our living;
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The focus of this article is on literature in the English language from anywhere‚ not just the literature of England‚ so that it includes writers from Scotland‚ the whole of Ireland‚ Wales‚ as well as literature in English from former British colonies‚ including the US. However‚ up until the early 19th century‚ it deals with the literature written in English of Britain and Ireland. English literature is generally seen as beginning with the epic poem Beowulf‚ that dates from between the 8th to the
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Impact of Gothic Literature Gothic Literature is a well-known genre of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance. Gothic writing has impacted the literature and art of today by influencing writers and artists over time. It was able to do so with its interesting storylines‚ ability to hold suspense‚ and the way it held interests of many people through the ages. Understanding this unique genre can help a person to truly appreciate literature as a whole. The word “Goth” derived
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centuries of literature have depicted a variety of mentalities and lifestyles. . Centuries could pass‚ and not many changes could be easily perceived by the common man‚ as those changes came gradually. Yet those changes can be readily discerned when looking at England as a whole‚ not looking at parts of history individually. The alterations of life‚ when looked at from a certain literary viewpoint‚ can be explained when one looks at the different periods in English literature‚ seeing the depictions
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ASPECTS OF MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE (1066-1500) Middle English‚ Anglo-Norman‚ Anglo-Latin After the Conquest: dramatic changes in language and cultural temperament Old English literature: Middle English literature realistic‚matter-of-fact‚unromantic‚ growing audience‚ a panorama of most serious‚ often melancholic‚ diverse folk of many social classes (castle‚ monochrome gray‚ loyalty to the lord‚ barnyard‚ town); the appearance of leasure desperate courage in defeat‚ class
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HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE Old English 496-1050 Middle English 1050-1500 Modern English 1500 onwards OLD ENGLISH Old English literature encompasses literature written in Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon)‚ during the 600-year Anglo-Saxon period of England‚ from the mid-5th century to the Norman Conquest of 1066. These works include genres such as epic poetry‚ hagiography‚ sermons‚ Bible translations‚ legal works‚ chronicles‚ riddles‚ and others. In all there are about 400 surviving manuscripts from
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Coursework Guidance GCE English Literature OCR Advanced GCE in English Literature H471 Unit F664 Texts in Time This Coursework Guidance is designed to accompany the OCR Advanced GCE specification in English Literature for teaching from September 2008. © OCR 2007 Content 1 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction Summary of Unit Content Coursework Guidance Assessment Criteria Unit F664 Texts in Time Administration/Regulations FAQs 3 4 6 16 20 24 2 GCE English Literature 1 Introduction The
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experimentation. The search for new forms of expression‚ which affected all branches of literature‚ was carried on first of all in fiction and novel. So far novelists had concentrated above all on plots‚ and their main preoccupation had been with characters in society‚ since they thought that the function of novels was to present people in a social context‚ so that they became mirrors of their own age. The English novel was essentially bourgeois in its origin and throughout the 18th and the 19th centuries
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