Citizenship of the European Union was introduced by the Maastricht Treaty‚ which was signed in 1992‚ and has been in force since 1993. European citizenship is supplementary to national citizenship and affords rights such as the right to vote in European elections‚ the right to free movement‚ settlement and employment across the EU‚ and the right to consular protection from other EU states’ embassies when a person’s country of citizenship does not maintain an embassy or consulate in the country they
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GEO-101-004 Dr. Hellrigel European Union & Supranationalism The European Union is an economic and political union started by six countries in 1950 and now up to 27 different countries. Supranationalism is a voluntary association in economic‚ political‚ or cultural spheres of three or more independent states willing to yield some measure of sovereignty for their mutual benefits. (Regions pg.56) These are two major modern transformations for Europe‚ which link up with each other because of
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eu/economy_finance/publications/publication15887_en.pdf Council of the European Union."Highlights." CONSILIUM -. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/homepage/highlights/fiscal-compact-enters-into-force-on-1-january-2013?lang=en "Europe 2020 - The EU Strategy for Smart‚ Sustainable and Inclusive Growth - European Commission." Europe 2020 - The EU Strategy for Smart‚ Sustainable and Inclusive Growth - European Commission. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2013. http://ec.europa.eu/e
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Impact of International Trade and European Union on the British Companies Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Findings 2 2.1. Benefits of International Trade 2 2.1.1. Adoption of technologies 2 2.1.2. Access to raw materials 2 2.1.3. Lesser dependency on one market 2 2.2. Relation of British Companies to the World Economy 2 2.3. The impact of European Union policies on British manufacturing organizations 2 2.4. Policies Impacting Decisions for Export within the EU
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U.S.-European Union Trade Relations: Issues and Policy Challenges SUMMARY The United States and European Union (EU) share a huge and mutually beneficial economic partnership. Not only is the U.S.-EU trade and investment relationship the largest in the world‚ it is arguably the most important. Agreement between the two economic superpowers has been critical to making the world trading system more open and efficient. Given a huge level of commercial interactions‚ trade tensions and disputes
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Migration and Development Brief Migration and Remittances Unit World Bank 13 November 8‚ 2010 Outlook for Remittance Flows 2011-12 Recovery after the crisis‚ but risks lie ahead By Sanket Mohapatra‚ Dilip Ratha and Ani Silwal1 Officially recorded remittance flows to developing countries are estimated to increase by 6 percent to $325 billion in 2010. This marks a healthy recovery from a 5.5 percent decline registered in 2009. Remittance flows are expected to increase by 6.2 percent in
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Introduction On 25 March 2017‚ the European Union will celebrate the 60th anniversary of its existence. Nevertheless‚ the European Council and the presidents of the twenty seven member states are aware that it is not a perfect union. The Hanseatic League is probably the oldest trace of city alliances in Europe that actually started as a merchant’s society in the Middle Ages. The main interest of this work is to analyse this trade alliance from three different points of view to outline the similarities
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What is the impact of European Union membership for the Republic of Ireland? Ireland’s decision to join the European Union has had quite an impact on the county. Firstly it provided the Republic with a stage on which to assert its independence from Britain‚ which it relied upon (almost to fault) too heavily for trade. Having said this‚ many believe that it put the final nail in the coffin of the Ireland in which De Valera had envisaged‚ that being the God-fearing rural people who eschewed the excess
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the British political system. Laws enacted by the EU are directly applicable to the UK‚ the British Parliament can’t pass laws in areas where Community Law already exists and British courts must accept and enforce decisions made by the ECJ. One impact of membership of the EU is the proportion of our laws‚ rules and regulations that now come from the councils of the EU. The estimates of how much of our laws come from the EU vary wildly from under 10 per cent to more than 80 per cent and the EU Commission
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No. 489 September 18‚ 2003 EU Enlargement Costs‚ Benefits‚ and Strategies for Central and Eastern European Countries by Marian L. Tupy Executive Summary The accession of eight Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) to the European Union in 2004 will bring some important benefits. The new members will gain from reduced barriers to trade and investment. By 2010‚ the movement of labor will also be freed. But accession to the EU is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition
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