its Comparative History literatures great interest on the orphan figure is poorly reflected in literary criticism. It is further stated that if at all criticism on the orphan is dealt only as an element in the commentaries on the literary works in which they appear. Thus far the orphan has failed to seek out a treatment of its own in most literary criticisms. Since the extent of literary criticism dedicated to the orphan is diminutive‚ this thesis undertakes the task of filling this critical gap by
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This was a period of time that people tried to figure out what might affect the productivity and efficiency‚ like from motivation. It produced a variety of theories researching people’s psychological desires; around what do they need in different levels‚ such as Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs. However‚ this time we try to focus on two-factor theory. Employees in an organization are either satisfied or dissatisfied with their job based on whether they are motivated or not on their job. However‚ the kind
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Nicole Golden Ms. Fallon English IV Honors January 29‚ 2012 Frailty; thy name is woman. Hamlet‚ one of Shakespeare’s most well noted plays‚ is also one of his most popular among critics. Shakespeare’s portrayal of characters‚ especially women‚ has evoked much arousal in the feminist category. Ophelia‚ Hamlet’s love interest‚ is characterized with a lack of will‚ an unexplained background‚ a “feminine death”‚ and as a sign of sexuality‚ is a negatively portrayed female character in this
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Christopher McBride ENGL 303 23 June 2013 Essay Assignment One: Reader-Response Criticism Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown” is a short story in which the author attempts to convey several different messages or themes throughout the literary piece. Themes in literary works can sometimes be better understood by analyzing the piece with a specific literary criticism technique. A few of these literary criticism techniques include Marxist‚ Formalism‚ and Reader Response just to name a few
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Why Do We Read Literature? First‚ Literature Defined: * "The creation of literature is a uniquely human activity‚ born of man’s timeless desire to understand‚ express‚ and finally share experiences." * Literature is "a concrete artifact -- a story‚ a poem‚ or a play" * "The medium of translation‚ of course‚ is language‚ the written and spoken word." * "When we speak of literature‚ however‚ we have in mind a special kind of language that differs from the ordinary discourse with
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by the popular conception of the term. His idea of tradition includes psychological and philosophical aspects‚ and sets forth of the aims of poetry‚ the role of the poet‚ and how to assign poetic value. Eliot is one of the founders of the New Criticism‚ or formalism‚ which is based on the idea that the only thing the critic should look at is what is inherently contained within the text. This idea springs from modernist theory‚ which holds within it a great dichotomy. Louis Menand asks was modernism
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Criticism Revision: Roland Barthes: The Death of the Author “The birth of the reader must be at the cost of the author.” Barthes argues that- Literature is studied through an understanding of authors not individual texts Text and author should be studied independently from one another Author should not be held solely responsible for the success or failure of a text as they are separate entities The responsibility of a text lies with the reader A text should be defined by the interpretation
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Language is the tool that writers use to show the thoughts and imagination of the writer. The literary text differs from other texts from the fact that the writer artistically uses language as a tool to produce the text. Russian Formalism and New Criticism are two different movements in Literature theory. Both movements draw attention to the fact that literature is nothing but the use of language‚ and that all the meaning is derived from the text and the reader’s job is to determine that meaning.
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INTRODUCTION: NEW CRITICISM American New Criticism is named after John Crowe Ransom’s 1941 book The New Criticism. The movement focused on the text of a work of literature and excluded the reader’s response‚ the author’s intentions‚ historical and cultural contexts and moralistic bias from their analysis. It was the equivalent of the new professional criticism established in the emerging discipline of ‘English’ in Britain during the inter-war period. The reasons why it rose to almost hegemonic proportions
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FORMALISM (also known as NEW CRITICISM) A Basic Approach to Reading and Understanding Literature Formalist theory has dominated the American literary scene for most of the twentieth century‚ and it has retained its great influence in many academic quarters. Its practitioners advocate methodical and systematic readings of texts. The major premises of New Criticism include: "art for art’s sake‚" "content = form‚" and "texts exist in and for themselves." These premises lead to the development
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