Conduct Tax Audit – Part 1 Analysis of Certain Clauses Audit under Section 44AB of the Income Tax Act By Raman Jokhakar‚ Chartered Accountant Objective To understand the purposes of this Form To learn nuances of the clauses To understand audit risk To effectively carry out attestation To document adequately To disclose standard notes‚ limitations and stands To know inter links between clauses To be aware of important stands taken by Courts To understand the objective of the tax department
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Tax Shelter I. Definition Any method of decreasing taxable income in a payments to tax collecting entities‚ including state and federal government. The most common type of tax shelter is an employer-sponsored 401(k)plan. a. Types of tax shelters Some tax shelters are questionable or even illegal: Offshore companies. A company which is incorporated outside the jurisdiction of its primary operations regardless of whether that jurisdiction is an offshore financial centre. Due to differing tax
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Term paper on ESOP Submitted by Hitesh.K.R (1pi11mba59) Finance Cohart 1 What is an ESOP? ESOP stands for Employee Stock Ownership Plan and is an employee benefit plan which makes the employees owners of stock in that company. An ESOP is required by law to invest primarily in the stock of the sponsoring employer. An ESOP is a qualified defined contribution plan and is similar to profit sharing plans. The employer can use it as a conduit for borrowing money from a bank or other
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consumer confidence has recovered from 52-week’s low 95 to new 52-week’s high point at 110.54 by Westpac‚ which means there are more optimists for Harvey Norman’s share price. Unfavorable change Total revenue down 7.8% to $A2.5b Net profit after tax slumps 31.6% to $A172.5m EBIT Margin down 26.5% to 19.7% Net Debt/EBITDA(x) from 1.1 to 1.8 Debt to equity up 16.7% to 0.4 Department store sector fell 0.1% in terms in Feb 2013 while the other retail sector rose 0.4% (released from ABS in Apr 4
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IMPACT OF TAX REFORMS SINCE 1991 Tax reform since 1991 was initiated as a part of the structural reform process‚ following the economic crisis of 1991. Direct Tax Reforms: 1. As per the recommendations of the TRC the personal tax brackets were only three‚ of 20‚ 30‚ and 40% starting in 1992–93. Financial assets were excluded from the wealth tax‚ and the maximum marginal rate was reduced to 1%. 2. Further reductions came in 1997–98‚ when the three rates were brought down further to 10‚ 20‚
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Dividend Policy and Stock Price Behaviour in Indian Corporate Sector: A panel data approach Upananda Pani∗ Abstract: This paper attempts to explore the possible links between dividend policy and stock price behaviour in Indian corporate sector. A sample of 500 listed companies from BSE are examined for the years 1996-2006.Dividend policy has always been a source of controversy despite years of theoretical and empirical research both in developed countries and emerging economies. The present paper
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such as banks deals in short term loan in different forms such as treasury bills and commercial bills. Short term loan means the duration of maturity is of one year or less than that. We need to be clear that equity instrument i.e common or preferred stocks both are not traded in money market. Similarly‚ we need to keep one thing in mind that money market is a intangible market where we deal over the phone or company‚ we just don’t enter the building of a company. Likewise‚ Capital market refers to
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If you bought a share of stock‚ what would you expect to receive‚ when would you expect to receive it‚ and would you be certain that your expectations would be met? 2. If most investors expect the same cash flows from Companies A and B but are more confident that Company A’s cash flow will be close to their expected value‚ which should have the higher stock price? Explain. 3. When is a stock said to be in equilibrium? At any given time‚ would you guess that most stocks are in equilibrium as you
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Tax Havens One of the major ways to evade taxes is through the use of tax havens. When most people think of a tax haven‚ a tropical island where corporations and the rich hide their money from the government is typically what comes to mind‚ but that isn’t always the case. There are many separate definitions and lists of what constitutes a tax haven‚ but perhaps the most widely accepted is the criteria put forth by the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development. The OECD focused on “factors
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Concepts Of Tax Residential Status And Tax Incidence Concept And Calculation Of Tax Income Under The Head Salary FBT* And New Perquisites Income Under The Head House Property Income Under The Head Business And Profession Income Under The Head Capital Gains Income Under The Head Of Other Sources Clubbing Of Incomes Set Off And Carry Forward Of Losses Agriculture Income And Its Taxability Deduction From Gross Total Income Exempted Incomes Assessment Procedure Advance Payment Of Income Tax Tax Deducted
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