processes of aerobic respiration and photosynthesis. To start‚ aerobic respiration can be defined as a biochemical pathway through which chemical bond energy is released from food and changed into ATP. On the other hand‚ photosynthesis is manufacturing of carbohydrates out of CO2 and the splitting of water in the presence of light. Photosynthesis and aer. respiration can be the same in many ways. For instance‚ both of them contain cycles. In photosynthesis‚ there is the Calvin cycle‚ and photosystem
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of Photosynthesis Overall Word Equation: Water+ Carbon Dioxide( Carbohydrates+ Oxygen ((: light + chlorophyll) 1. Light Dependent Stage/ photochemical reaction/ light reactions: Word Equation: Water ( Hydrogen ions + Oxygen ((: light + chlorophyll) Site: On the Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast Major events: • Light absorption o Chlorophyll in the thylakoids absorbs light. The energy absorbed
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G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are cell surface proteins that relay extracellular signals to the nucleus. These signals can be in the form of light‚ peptides‚ lipids‚ and sugars. Once activated by a ligand at the outer cell surface‚ GPCRs activate their cognate G-proteins that reside on the inner cell membrane. The activated G-proteins then slide along the inside of the cell membrane to activate a cascade of proteins and enzymes that in turn amplify the original message received by the GPCR
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Plants use a process called photosynthesis to covert energy from the sun into energy they can use for their activities. The plant’s chloroplasts‚ along with water‚ carbon dioxide‚ and light are the essential elements required for photosynthesis to take place. The “photo” part of photosynthesis is in reference to the fact that the process requires light. The simplest form of the photosynthesis equation is: H2O + CO2 ----light----> (CH2O)N + O2 As shown in the equation‚ photosynthesis produces carbohydrates
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for all living organisms‚ scientists must first ensure that the ecosystem’s foundation is remaining strong‚ a foundation known as photosynthesis. When photosynthesis is functioning as it should‚ in its fullest capacity‚ all organisms benefit from it in some way. Furthermore‚ scientists aim to better understand the photosynthetic process to help enhance the efficiency and quality of life on Earth. By fully understanding the function of photosynthesis‚ some environmental adjustments can then be made
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* NCERT 1. Reproduction in Organisms INTRODUCTION Biology in essence is the story of life on earth. While individual organisms die without fail‚ species continue to live through millions of years unless threatened by natural or anthropogenic extinction. Reproduction becomes a vital process without which species cannot survive for long. Each individual leaves its progeny by asexual or sexual means. Sexual mode of reproduction enables creation of new variants‚ so that survival advantage is enhanced
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Introduction: An oxygen sensor‚ or lambda sensor‚ is an electronic device that measures the proportion of oxygen (O2) in the gas or liquid being analyzed. It was developed by Robert Bosch GmbH during the late 1960s under supervision by Dr. Günter Bauman. The original sensing element is made with a thimble-shaped zirconia ceramic coated on both the exhaust and reference sides with a thin layer of platinum and comes in both heated and unheated forms. The most common application is to measure the
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Metabolism a. Oxidation – a molecule LOSSES hydrogen‚ energy is RELEASED b. Reduction – a molecule GAINS hydrogen‚ energy is GAINED and stored (the more reduced a molecule is‚ the more energy is stored in its COVALENT BONDS) *** Always occur in a coupled pair (RED-OX)*** c. Electron Carriers i. Oxidizing Agents: are REDUCED to OXIDIZE another molecule 1. NAD+ - oxidizes glucose to 2 pyruvate in glycolysis‚ oxidizes pyruvate to CO2 in the Kreb’s cycle (gets
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living organisms differ from each other There are many ways in which living organisms differ from each other. In this essay I will discuss the various ways of which this occurs. There are two different types of cells‚ there are prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Within eukaryotes there are different structures and similar structures. For example; in a plant cell they have a nucleus‚ mitochondria an ER‚ and a Golgi body. These are the same as animal cells; however they differ because plants cells have a
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Chapter 6/7 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Review 1. _Energy__ is required for transport of certain materials‚ movement‚ growth‚ and reproduction. 2. Define autotroph and heterotroph. Name the organisms that make up each. Autotrophs use the suns energy to produce their food. Heterotrophs consume other organisms to obtain food. Plants Animals 3. ___Sun__ is the ultimate source of energy for all living things on Earth based on the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration
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