Temperature and Yeast Fermentation Introduction: Saccharomyces cerevisiae‚ commonly known as baker’s yeast‚ is an key ingredient used mainly when baking bread or making alcoholic beverages. The main role of the yeast is to convert the sucrose into carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethanol. For example‚ when baking bread‚ the yeast ferments the sucrose within the dough and so CO2 and ethanol is released‚ causing the bread to rise and expand. It does this using enzymesAlso‚ during this fermentation process‚ because
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Energy transfers which take place in living organisms The nucleotide ATP (adenosine triphosphate) maintains both catabolic and anabolic reactions. Catabolic reactions e.g. respiration are where larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones with energy being released‚ and anabolic reactions e.g. photosynthesis are where smaller molecules are built up into larger ones which require energy. Catabolism provides the energy for organisms to synthesise larger molecules in its anabolic reactions.
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of Photosynthesis Overall Word Equation: Water+ Carbon Dioxide( Carbohydrates+ Oxygen ((: light + chlorophyll) 1. Light Dependent Stage/ photochemical reaction/ light reactions: Word Equation: Water ( Hydrogen ions + Oxygen ((: light + chlorophyll) Site: On the Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast Major events: • Light absorption o Chlorophyll in the thylakoids absorbs light. The energy absorbed
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Oxygen Revolution {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} Oxygen Revolution {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} Oxygen Revolution The oxygen revolution‚ which is sometimes known as the oxygen catastrophe is believed to have occurred about 2.4 billion years ago with the evolution of cyanobacteria‚ a type of blue- green algae. Before this time‚ the atmosphere had a very different chemical make-up‚ high in carbon molecules; unsustainable for life as known today. These prokaryotes
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Plants use a process called photosynthesis to covert energy from the sun into energy they can use for their activities. The plant’s chloroplasts‚ along with water‚ carbon dioxide‚ and light are the essential elements required for photosynthesis to take place. The “photo” part of photosynthesis is in reference to the fact that the process requires light. The simplest form of the photosynthesis equation is: H2O + CO2 ----light----> (CH2O)N + O2 As shown in the equation‚ photosynthesis produces carbohydrates
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Answers to Photosynthesis Practice AP Biology 1. Draw a picture of the chloroplast and label the stroma‚ thylakoid‚ thylakoid lumen (space)‚ inner membrane‚ outer membrane. 2. Using 18O as the basis of your discussion‚ explain how we know that the oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from water. When the oxygen in water has the radioactively labeled oxygen‚ the gas released from photosynthesis also has the labeled oxygen. This shows that the oxygen gas given off during photosynthesis comes from the
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Chapter 6/7 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Review 1. _Energy__ is required for transport of certain materials‚ movement‚ growth‚ and reproduction. 2. Define autotroph and heterotroph. Name the organisms that make up each. Autotrophs use the suns energy to produce their food. Heterotrophs consume other organisms to obtain food. Plants Animals 3. ___Sun__ is the ultimate source of energy for all living things on Earth based on the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration
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for all living organisms‚ scientists must first ensure that the ecosystem’s foundation is remaining strong‚ a foundation known as photosynthesis. When photosynthesis is functioning as it should‚ in its fullest capacity‚ all organisms benefit from it in some way. Furthermore‚ scientists aim to better understand the photosynthetic process to help enhance the efficiency and quality of life on Earth. By fully understanding the function of photosynthesis‚ some environmental adjustments can then be made
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Is It So Safe to Use Nuclear Energy? The fragile environment of our planet is now under threat. Carbon fuels such as coal and oil are running out and their emissions are destroying the ecosystem. To prevent the harmful effect on the environment‚ Dr Symonds discussed his view that nuclear power is the best affordable way to protect the nature of the Earth. Although the facts introduced at the conference were quite persuasive‚ there are some points to argue. There was a statement in which Dr Symonds
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Photosynthesis Background Do you know what is the most important process that sustains life? Photosynthesis‚ that is the correct answer! Photosynthesis‚ is known as the process to produce plant food. But‚ how does is the life exist on the planet we call our home‚ Earth? Photosynthesis is a process that we know that allows water‚ carbon dioxide‚ and some mineral salts along with the light from the sun to make glucose (sugar). During the process‚ the root sytem of the plant takes in elements
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