Handout Lab 5 - Cranial Nerves: Assessment of Functions INTRODUCTION The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The CNS receives sensory information from other parts of the body or the body’s external environment and transmits motor information to other parts of the body by way of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS of the human includes 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Some nerves contain only motor nerve fibers (efferent fibers);
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Cranial Nerves The brain and spinal cord (CNS) are connected to parts of the body by nerves and cell bodies called the peripheral nervous system. The PNS contains all of the nervous tissue outside the brain and spinal cord. Afferent (sensory) nerve fibers-conduct nerve impulses toward the CNS Efferent (motor) nerve fibers-conduct nerve pulses away Sensory Somatic System – Carries nerve impulses from the senses to the CNS and also carries the impulses to the skeletal muscles and glands
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Muscle and Nerve Preparation Preparation of Ringer ’s solution Dissolve 6.5 g of sodium chloride (NaCl)‚ 0.14 g of potassium chloride (KCl)‚ and 0.20 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in 800 mL of distilled water. Also‚ dissolve 0.16 g of hydrated calcium chloride (CaCl2.2H2O) and 0.39 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O) in 100 mL of distilled water. Add the 100 mL cautiously to the 800 mL‚ stirring vigorously. Then make the final volume equal to 1 liter by adding more distilled water
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Within the body‚ there are billions of cells that are essential to living – these are called nerve cells. Nerve cells‚ also known as neurons‚ “are the basic information processing structures” (Stufflebeam). There are about 100 billion of these neurons in our nervous system and are the most essential cell in it. Located in brain as well as the spinal‚ there are different types of nerve cells; including: sensory neurons‚ motor neurons‚ and interneuron (Boeree). The neuron is a cell that is structured
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Trigeminal nerve The trigeminal nerve is the fifth of twelve pairs of cranial nerves enervating the face and head‚ and is denoted by the Roman Numeral V. It has three divisions which enervate the forehead and eye (ophthalmic V1)‚ cheek (maxillary V2) and lower face and jaw (mandibular V3). The trigeminal nerves function in sensing facial touch‚ pain and temperature‚ as well as controlling muscles used for chewing. The trigeminal nerve functions should be distinguished from the facial nerve (cranial
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PSY1011/1111 Essay cover sheet Essay Title: How Do Nerve Cells Work and Why is it Important for Psychologists to know this? Student number: M00267898 Word count (Excluding title and references section):1‚062 Declaration By submitting this work I acknowledge that I am its author‚ that all sources consulted in its preparation are referenced appropriately in accordance with the referencing guide‚ and that I have not copied from any source. How Do Nerve Cells Work and Why is it Important for Psychologists
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The article “The Shaking Women or A History of My Nerves” is an intriguing piece to read as it captures the idea of what it’s like struggling with an unknown disorder. The author‚ Siri Hustvedt‚ provides readers with a vision of her journey through the search of a diagnosis for her mysterious‚ shaking episodes. While on her journey‚ the author provides readers with an insight on various theoretical paradigms‚ historical views of abnormal behaviours and disorders as well as personal experiences living
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These important ions help regulate homeostasis in our bodies‚ as well as allowing us to move‚ absorb food‚ heal‚ and reproduce. Understanding how these ions work within our bodies will allow us to comprehend the physiology behind muscle contraction‚ nerve signaling and cell signaling. Upon learning about calcium‚ we already briefly know how
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The purpose of this experiment is to examine the results of stimulation on a frog’s sciatic nerve by looking at its compound action potential‚ the conduction velocity‚ and by quantifying the total and absolute refractory period between the nerve at room and cold temperature. An oscilloscope‚ preamplifier‚ and stimulator were used to stimulate the frog’s nerve located in the nerve chamber. Threshold voltage was determined by stimulating the nerve at increasing voltages until a compound action potential
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A growing number of researchers regard the question of how much heredity and environment contribute to differences among people as Selected Answer: mainly answered by DNA. Question 2 0.5 out of 0.5 points Fetal monitors Selected Answer: track the baby’s heart rate during labor. Question 3 0 out of 0.5 points Patsy and Terry are fraternal twins. This type of twinning results from Selected Answer: the fertilization of one ovum by two Y-bearing sperm
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