1/r(MB) Ms=1/r(MB) c=C/D= currency ratio e=ER/D= excess reserve ratio r= RR/D = require reserve ratio MB = R+C = RR+ER+C = (rD)+(eD)+(cD) Lecture 3 • The interest rate represents the opportunity cost of excess reserves • The excess reserve ratio is negatively related to the market interest rate‚ and it is positively related to the expected deposit outflows • The Fed acts as a lender of last resort for the banking system‚ and therefore it has to lend to the banking
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Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Exam: Macroeconomics 3.1 Practice Exam Code: not applicable (Practice Exam) Coordinator: Prof. dr. E.J. Bartelsman Date: not applicable (Practice Exam) Time: not applicable (Practice Exam) Duration: 2 hours and 45 minutes Calculator allowed: No Graphical calculator allowed: No Number of questions: 8 (4 True/False/Uncertain Questions‚ 2 Short Problems‚ 2 Long Problems) Type of questions: Open Answer in: English
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MSc International Business 2012-2013 Global Shift Banner code Teaching Staff Professor John Bryson Room 132 Telephone ext 45549 j.r.bryson@bham.ac.uk Module aims and objectives The aim of the module is to provide students with the theoretical understanding of the relationship between two major themes in International Business: (i) the existence of differences in national business systems; and (ii) the present day character of processes
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HOW INTEREST RATES AFFECT OUR PURCHASING DECISIONS Fluctuating interest rates have a decidedly large impact on purchasing decisions. Higher interest rates mean that consumers don’t have as much disposable income and must cut back on spending. When higher interest rates are coupled with increased lending‚ banks makes fewer loans. Lower interest rates make it easier for farmers and manufacturers to borrow to invest in equipment and buildings. That gives business more incentive to invest
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Table of Contents A. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... I. The World ............................................................................................................ II. Brazil..................................................................................................................... B. THE COUNTRY ANALYSIS ..................................................................................
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OF MACROECONOMICS LECTURE 1: INTRODUCTION Definition of Macro economics Macroeconomics is the study of the behaviour of large collections of economic agents (aggregates). It is the study of the economy as a whole. It focuses on explaining economic changes that affect many households‚ firms‚ and markets simultaneously. Some of the important macroeconomic questions are: Why is income high in some countries while it is low in others? why do prices rise rapidly sometimes and are stable at other times
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Question 1. List the two things that GDP measures. How can GDP measures two things at once? GDP measures the total economy income and total output of goods and services. The reason why GDP measures two things at once is that the output of goods and services and total income‚ quantitatively‚ are the same. For instance‚ every dollar of expenditure by a buyer must become a dollar of income to a seller. 2. What does the consumer price index measure? How is it different from the GDP deflator? Consumer
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Name ________________________________________________ ECON 2101 - Principles of Macroeconomics‚ Spring 2009 - Test 1 VERSION B KEY Multiple Choice (2.5 points each) Choose the response that best answers the question or completes the statement. Make sure you put all of your responses on the opscan form. 1. Suppose that a more efficient way to produce a good is discovered‚ thus lowering production costs for the good‚ ceteris paribus. This will cause a(n): a) Increase in quantity supplied
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Economics 101 Macroeconomics Country Paper Kazakhstan Table of Contents: I. Introduction A. The Republic of Kazakhstan: Kazakhstan’s Macroeconomics..................3 1) Geographical Location ………………………………………………...3 2) Land Size ………………………………………………………………...3 3) Currency………………………………………………………………....3 4) Population………………………………………………………………..3 5) Major Products ……………………………………………………...... 3-4 II. Discussion of the Macroeconomics Indicators A. Real GDP for the
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University of Norway. Macroeconomics (from the Greek prefix makro- meaning "large" and economics) is a branch of economics dealing with the performance‚ structure‚ behavior‚ and decision-making of an economy as a whole‚ rather than individual markets. This includes national‚ regional‚ and global economies. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP‚ unemployment rates‚ and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions. Macroeconomists develop models that explain the relationship
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