replaces animal experimentation with alternative methods (Stokes 1297-1298). Opponents may argue that without animal testing there would be no other options‚ but that is simply not true. Some alternative methods including computer modeling and in vitro testing are more accurate‚ more humane‚ and much
Premium Science Experiment Animal rights
“The question is not‚ “Can they reason?” nor‚ “Can they talk?” but‚ “Can they suffer?” – Jeremy Betham. According to People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA)‚ over 100 million animals including mice‚ rats‚ frogs‚ dogs and cats are killed in laboratories for testing purposes. Animal testing has been a controversial subject for years now. Some believe that cosmetics‚ medicines‚ and health care products should be tested on animals to ensure their safety; on the other hand many believe that
Premium Animal testing Animal rights Testing cosmetics on animals
biological child as the only path to parenthood‚ negating the fact or reality that infertile couples can also utilize adoption to procreate and create a family. Adoption has also shrunk dramatically‚ as a result of advent of technologies such as Intro-Vitro Fertilization‚ Artificial insemination‚ all of which are costly and takes a great deal of emotional‚ mental and physical demand for the couples looking to have children. In 2002‚ data from the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG)‚ indicated that
Premium Adoption Family law Family
were investigated. Methanolic and aqueous extract of leaves and fruits of P. niruri showed inhibition of membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO)‚ scavenging of 1‚1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro. Antioxidant activity of the extracts were also demonstrable in vivo by the inhibition of the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) – induced formation of lipid peroxides in the liver of rats by pretreatment with the extracts. CCl4 – induced hepatotoxicity
Premium Antioxidant
chosen for the optimization were Dissolution efficiency at 10 min and In-vitro dispersion
Premium Fenugreek Fenugreek Pharmacology
now screen embryos for genetic disorders and select healthy embryos. Designer baby technology or reproductive genetics combines genetic screening and engineering1 processes with in vitro fertilization2 (IVF). This process is known as Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Steps: 1. Creating an Embryo with In-vitro fertilization (IVF). 2. Removing a single cell from that embryo within the first 5 days of creation 3. Genetically testing the cell 4.
Premium Gene Genetics Pregnancy
Equine Veterinary Education 18(2):100-12. Saito S‚ Ugai H‚ Sawai K‚ Yamamoto Y‚ Minamihashi A‚ Kurosaka K‚ Kobayashi Y‚ Murata T‚ Obata Y‚ Yokoyama K. 2002. Isolation of embryonic stem-like cells from equine blastocysts and their differentiation in vitro. FEBS Lett 531(3):389-96. Stewart AA‚ Byron CR‚ Pondenis H‚ Stewart MC. 2007. Effect of fibroblast growth factor-2 on equine mesenchymal stem cell monolayer expansion and chondrogenesis. Am J Vet Res 68(9):941-5. Taylor SE‚ Smith RK‚ Clegg PD. 2007
Premium Stem cell Cellular differentiation
resort; they teach that the decision to have an abortion is a serious one and must not be taken lightly. Not all religions define a particular moment when life begins but some‚ like Buddhism‚ Sikhism and Catholicism‚ teach that life begins at fertilisation – the moment that sperm meets egg. The Roman Catholic Church says that the fertilised egg is a sacred life‚ with as many rights as a baby‚ child or adult‚ and forbids abortion. Amongst Buddhists and Sikhs there is a variety of opinions on the morality
Premium Religion Pregnancy Abortion
Summarise arguments against abortion with reference to both ethical and religious teachings. 30 marks Abortion is the deliberate ending of a life after fertilisation. For many years the morality of abortion has been disputed with many religions condemning women from having an abortion. Abortion also goes against many ethical theories‚ such as Rule utilitarianism and Bentham’s Utilitarianism. A religion that is strongly against abortion is Christianity. In Christianity it is believed that life
Premium Abortion Pregnancy Fetus
primary function of gastrulation is the morphogenetic movement whereby the three layers become establishedx. It is also the first stage where cleaving‚ budding egg transforms to take some semblance of the prospective embryo. Three days after fertilisation zygote undergoes cell division which results in bulk of cells called morulax which in-turn undergoes transformation where morula interior hollows out; this structure is blastocyst in mammals. In the 2nd week‚ mesenchymal cells arrange along the
Premium Developmental biology Embryo