Paula Santa Cruz AP Psychology December 1‚ 2012 Xenophobia is commonly defined as a disorder causing one to be deathly afraid of strangers and being in public areas. a) assuming the role of a successful psychologist‚ explain how you might use systematic desensitization to help cure a patient of xenophobia. b) if your initial attempts using systematic desensitization fail‚ what will you prescribe next? Desensitization is awfully similar to classical conditioning in the way that the
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On August 9‚ 2001‚ President George W. Bush announced to a national audience his decision and new policy on stem cell research. President Bush explained to the United States how he would not allow federal money for new stem cell research. Federal money could only be used for existing stem cell lines. For any new stem cell research‚ the money must come from the private sector (Ruse‚ 11). This controversial decision is still a widely debated topic that is in the forefront of the current political
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between many. Scientists have been researching and testing embryos to determine the possible uses for them. The work done with embryos can allow parents to select certain characteristics for their future child. Frozen embryos can be used later on for in-vitro fertilization‚ allowing a couple to conceive a child. Scientists can nurture the embryos and thus use them for testing. Human embryo stem cells also can be used to treat and prevent diseases (Keller 1). The incredible accomplishments with embryos have
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exponential rate. However‚ the controversy over this new scientific discovery has made it very difficult for any application of the theoretical works to be tested. I believe that stem cell research is morally obligatory‚ as it takes from an in vitro fertilization with no intention of ever becoming a human being. As no life would result from this process if not for the process itself‚ and the process could easily result in the continuation of life for those already living‚ it is indeed morally
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Effects of PRL on NSCs/NPCs Like other stem cells‚ NSCs have the capacities of proliferation and multipotent differentiation. Studies have shown that NSCs can be induced into various neural component cells in vitro‚ such as astrocytes‚ oligodendrocytes and neurons [45]. NPCs are capable to divide only a limited number of times and differentiate into a specific type of neuronal cells [46]. The subgranular zone (SGZ)‚ locating between the granule cell layer and hilus of the hippocampus dentate gyrus
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docetaxel:preparation‚in vitro and ex vivo evaluation. International Journal of Nanomedicine 2011:6 119–128. 2) Hosniyeh Hosseinzadeh‚ Fatemeh Atyabi‚ Rassoul Dinarvand‚ Seyed Naser Ostad. Chitosan–Pluronic nanoparticles as oral delivery of anticancer gemcitabine: preparation and in vitro study. International Journal of Nanomedicine 2012:7 1851–1863. 3) Carla Mura‚ Maria Manconi‚ Donatella Valenti‚ Maria Letizia Manca‚ Octavio Díez-Sales‚ Giuseppe Loy‚ Anna Maria Fadda. In vitro study of N-succinyl chitosan
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babies are born with Down syndrome‚ which is about 1 in every 700 babies born (1). The process of diagnosing Down syndrome can be done during pregnancy by testing multiple methods such as‚ a prenatal screening test‚ a diagnostic test‚ and testing in vitro fertilization.
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standard monolayer (2D) cell cultures do not recapitulate the physiological architecture of the skin. Several types of human skin recombinants‚ also called artificial skin‚ that provide this critical 3-D structure‚ have now been reconstructed in vitro. This review contemplates the use of
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Session 28 Safety Pharmacology Studies for Human Pharmaceuticals This guidance was developed to help protect clinical trial participants and patients receiving marketed products from potential adverse effects of pharmaceuticals‚ while avoiding unnecessary use of animals and other resources. This guidance provides a definition‚ general principles‚ and recommendations for safety pharmacology studies. Pharmacology studies have been performed worldwide for many years as part of the nonclinical
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In vitro‚ albendazole-treated groups showed 5.6–73% egg hatch-ing depending on the drug concentration. The egg hatching percentis affected by the drug concentration owing to the fact that the eggsare albendazole susceptible. The inhibitory effect of albendazole onF. gigantica eggs indicates that it can pass the egg shell and stop fur-ther development. At the highest albendazole concentration‚ thedevelopment was 10%‚ and the rest of eggs failed to be embry-onated as they stopped at advanced stages
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