provide i) the nutrients for the survival of the plant cells‚ tissues and organs under culture and ii) the optimal physical condition of pH‚ osmotic pressure‚ etc. In the culture of plant cells formulating optimum type of medium favorable for in vitro culture was achieved many years ago. The Knop’s (1865) mineral solution was the widely used medium by early investigators. Gautherat (1939) developed callus culture medium from Uspenski and Uspenskaia (1925) nutrient solution. A systematic study
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A. catechu leaves‚ heartwood and bark showed significant anticancer effects when tested In vitro. Hence work has been carried out in Acacia catechu seeds to explore the anticancer effects. Acacia catechu seeds were investigated against HepG2 (Human hepatocellular carcinoma) cell lines. Treatment exhibited potent cytotoxic activity in a dose dependent
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JPRHC Review Article REVIEW ON PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EUPHORBIA HIRTA LINN. SANDEEP B. PATIL*‚ MRS. NILOFAR S. NAIKWADE‚ CHANDRAKANT S. MAGDUM For author affiliations‚ see end of text This paper is available online at www.jprhc.com ABSTRACT: Medicinal herbs are the local heritage with global importance. Medicinal herbs have curative properties due to presence of various complex chemical substance of different composition‚ which are found as secondary plant metabolites in
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typically take less time‚ and cost less than the cruel and controversial tests they replace. These humane research options include in vitro (tube tests)‚ computer modeling techniques‚ and studies of humans themselves. The research laboratory CeeTox uses human cell based test tube toxicity screening to test various cosmetics and drugs‚ and VaxDesign created Modular IMmune In vitro Construct which uses cells to recreate the immune system for the testing of various vaccines. These are only two of the many cruelty
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BIO 162 Microbiology for Allied Health D. Page Baluch Microbiology Many technical terms‚ names of cell structures are formed from Latin or Greek roots micro - very small; bio – life; ology – study study of very small living organisms that cannot be seen with unaided eyes Microorganisms or microbes They are virtually everywhere - ubiquitous Types of Microorganisms Bacteria Fungus Yeast & molds Bacillus E. coli Algae Archaebacteria Diatom Dead Sea salt pillar
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Animal Testing: contradictory perspectives and the balance between them A long time ago‚ animals were used for numerous purposes‚ and one of those uses is utilising them in scientific studies which known as "Animal Testing". According to Oxford dictionaries‚ animal testing refers to experiments involving the use of animals. As reported by the national centre for biotechnology information (2011)‚ animals were used regularly in scientific biomedical researches in the past by Greek and Arab physician
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Speech Animal Testing INTRODUCTION Did you know that in 2008 in New Zealand there were more than 341‚000 animals used for research‚ testing and teaching? Animals are being used from all over the world for animal testing that ranges from drugs to our simple everyday shampoo. Almost every medicine‚ or treatment you have ever used has been tested on innocent animals for your benefit. WHAT HAPPENS TO ANIMALS IN ANIMAL TESTING? Every year‚ millions of animals suffer and die in painful tests to
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One option could be vitro testing‚ which involves studying cells in a Petri dish‚ which helps identify how cells might respond to drugs without using an animal. It doesn’t just keep animals form harm but it also gives more relevant data because the cells used are human instead
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The natural plant exudate gum tragacanth is obtained from the stem of the bush like plant “goat’s-horn”‚ Astragalus species. Gum tragacanth has been used commercially for well over 2000 years and is currently widely used as a thickener and emulsifier in emulsion systems in different pharmaceutical‚ food‚ cosmetic and diverse industrial uses. In addition‚ it is on the list of stabilizers that are permitted by Food and Agriculture Organization/ World Health Organization that could be used during the
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________________________________________ Table 5.4: Floating Behavior of In-Situ Gel formulation of etodolac S. NO. Formulation code Floating lag time (sec) floating time (hr) 1 P1 26 >12 2 P2 35 >12 3 P3 50 >12 4 P4 66 >12 5 P5 196 >12 6 P6 219 >12 7 P7 45 >12 8 P8 72 >12 Table 5.5: Gelling capacity of
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