Test 1 Study Guide 1. Respiration * Respiration * Gas exchange * Necessary because cells require oxygen. * Exchanging O2 and CO2 * Carbon Dioxide is a waste product and must be removed from the body. * Internal respiration = gas exchange at the cellular level. * Oxygen diffuses from the blood into the tissue cells. * External respiration = gas exchange at the alveoli level. * Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses into the blood in the pulmonary
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resting breathing rate and a tidal volume‚ a blood pressure‚ a resting pulse rate‚ inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes of lungs is needed‚ so that it is possible to calculate the respiratory exchange ratio. Methods and materials: stethoscope‚ spirometer‚ Douglas bag‚ dry gas meter‚ CO2/O2 analyzer‚ stopwatch‚ breathing mask‚
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Student Name: __Shelley Birdwell___________________________________Date:_____5/6/2015_________ Patient’s Initials: ___L.A__ Age: ___78_ Medical Diagnosis: _CHF________________ Subjective Data: He has loose watery stool for the past 12 hours‚ CHF‚ perineal area has become excoriated and tender. Objective Data (Head to Toe Assessment including Vital Signs): SOA‚ pulse oximetry reading is 88%‚ bilateral crackles in the lower lobe‚ BP102/60-T 101 F‚ P 104‚ RR 32‚ he is receiving IV fluids @ 80 ml/hour
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lung capacity than men‚ and that athletes have a larger lung capacity than average people. This experiment will test 10 people in the same room‚ in the same conditions; therefore the variable of air composition is controlled. In this experimental a spirometer will be used to measure the volumes defined above and the breathing rate.
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! RESPIRATORY CASE STUDY ! ! Chief Complaint: “Increased shortness of breath with activity‚ and sometimes even at rest.” ! ! Initial Information ! ! ! Date & Time: 7-3-14 @ 2:45 p.m. Name: JM Age: 30‚ DOB 2-18-1984 Gender: F Marital Status: M Race: Caucasian Culture: Northern US‚ urban Occupation: Stay at home mom Health Insurance: BC/BS Source: Pt‚ reliable RF: Allergies in family Medications: Claritin prn Allergies: NKDA‚ questionable seasonal allergies Tobacco
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A2 BIOLOGY CORE PRACTICAL SUMMARY Name of practical Independent & dependent variables Observing patterns by Ecological sampling Random sampling Systemic sampling Other variables to be controlled Abiotic factors e.g. light‚ temperature‚ soil water‚ humidity‚ O2 concentration‚ pH‚ aspect‚ slope angle equipment Gridded Quadrat Tape measure Point quadrat Pitfall trap Sweep Net Pooter Tullgren funnel Baermann funnel Method and outcome Several methods. 1 random sampling = set up grid using
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Wheezing is often loudest during exhalation‚ when the patient tries to expel air through through the narrowed airways. Doctors recommend a variety of tests to confirm asthma‚ for example: A Spirometer. The Spirometers measure the amount of air you are able to breath in and out the lungs. In addition‚ the doctor will perform an allergy test to find out which allergen affects the patient. The use of chest X-ray and EKG will help find out whether a foreign
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Tetanus Tetanus is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers. The primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin‚ a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive‚ rod-shaped‚ obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani. Clostridium tetani spores can be found most commonly in soil‚ dust and manure‚ but also exist virtually anywhere. If deposited in a wound the neurotoxin interferes with nerves that control muscle movement. The signs and symptoms
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Answers 1a) On graph paper 1b) At molecular level‚ Haemoglobin is a protein made of four subunits bound together. Each of the subunits consists of a molecular group known as ‘heme’ and a polypeptide attached to the ‘heme’. The ‘heme’ group contains one atom of iron (Fe²+) and it is this iron that the oxygen molecule combines itself to. As there are four of the iron molecules in the haemoglobin this shows that a maximum of four oxygen molecules can be carried by the haemoglobin at anytime. For simplicity
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during exercise Abstract Objective: The objective of this experiment is to analyse how the cardiovascular and respiratory parameters are affected by steady state exercise. Method: The experiment was split into two stages‚ rest and exercise. A spirometer‚ an ECG‚ a Douglas bag and a blood pressure monitor were used at rest on the subject. In the exercise phase a Douglas bag and the blood pressure monitor were used to measure the subject’s volume of air and blood pressure respectively. Results:
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