INCOME TAX NOTES Residential Status and Incidence of Tax According to Section 5 of the Income Tax Act the scope of total Income of an assessee depends on his residential status.On the basis of residential status assessee are classified under the following two categories: 1. Resident 2. Non-resident. As per as resident individuals and Hindu Undivided Families are concerned‚ they can be further divided into two categories: 1. Ordinarily Resident 2. Not ordinarily Resident. Residential
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Definition of Tax “Taxes are compulsory payment to government without expectation of direct return in benefit to the tax payer” According to section 2 (62) of the ITO (Income Tax Ordinance) 1984: “Tax means the income tax payable under ordinance and includes any additional tax‚ excess profit tax‚ penalty‚ interest‚ fees or other charges leviable or payable under this ordinance.” Characteristics of Tax i. Tax is a payment to the government by the people. ii. Payment of taxes is non-penal
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the costs for the year. The restaurant wanted to see what some of their fixed and variable costs were for the year. They also wanted to make sure they remain in their relevant range. The costs focused on were the cost of hamburgers (raw materials) and the cost of building rent. It was determined that the raw materials were the variable costs because the cost will vary based on production of hamburgers. A variable cost is a cost that will change in direct proportion to changes in the cost-driver
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Income Inequality Gap Over the years America’s inequality income gap has been growing‚ between the rich and the poor. There are many reasons why this is happening. Andrew Carnegie‚ John Kenneth Galbraith and Joseph Stiglitz may agree with me‚ but believe there are different reasons why and how it should be dealt with. I would have to say that I agree that Galbraith’s idea is what is better for America now. In the essay “The Gospel of Wealth” Andrew Carnegie says that the rich should invest
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Explain how would you vouch Sales return/Purchase return 3 (b) How would you verify Patterns‚ Dies Loose Tools and spare parts-2‚12‚22‚32‚42‚52‚62‚72‚82‚92 300‚290‚280‚270‚260‚250 4 (a) Explain how would you vouch Rent Received and Royalty Income 4 (b) How would you verify Empties & Containers-102‚112‚122‚132‚142‚152‚162‚40‚50‚60 240‚230‚220‚210‚200‚190‚180‚302‚292 5 (a) Explain how would you vouch Cash and Credit Purchase 5 (b) How would you verify Quoted and Unquoted Investments-3
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Overview Of Banking Project Title: Comparative study of non interest income of the Indian Banking Sector Submitted by: Gaurav Sharma BBA(Finance‚ Gold Medal)‚MBA(Finance) gksindia1@gmail.com Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1431288 Index Introduction Methodology SBI& Associates Nationalized banks(Public sector banks) Private sector banks Foreign banks Findings Conclusion Literature review References 1 3 5 10 15 20 25 26 26 26 Electronic copy available at:
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Introduction * Meaning of Standard Costing: Standard costing is simply the name given to a technique whereby standard costs are computed and subsequently compared with the actual costs to find out the differences between the two. These differences are then analyzed to know the causes thereof so as to provide a basis of control. * Standard Costing: According to BROWN and HOWARD “Standard costing is a technique of cost accounting which compares the standard cost of each product or service
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National income‚ by itself‚ doesn’t tell us very much about the standard of living in a country. The national income of India exceeds that of Canada but no on would claim that India was a better place to live for the typical member of the population. India’s is higher simply because the population is 1.2 billion‚ there is enormous public-sector spending and high inward investment because of high interest rates and so on. What is more important is national income per head of the population.
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Compare and contrast job order costing to process costing methods. Comparison: These systems are to determine the manufacturing costs of products. Both costing systems combine direct materials‚ direct labor and overhead which is indirect costs or could be considered a direct cost in the process costing method nonetheless both systems use this in the process of producing products. The manufacturing accountants assign cost objectives to raw materials inventory‚ work in process inventory and finished
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Agri-environment contract adoption under fixed and variable compliance costs. This report looks at the agri-environment contract adpted by farmers’ to be able to contribute and partake in the enrivonmental schemes through pressure groups and government. It provides disctinct description to the differences in fixed and variable costs. The purpose of explaining the differences were to illustrate how farmers partaking to the project would be different than how much land will be needed to chip in the
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