Porter ’s five forces is a framework for the industry analysis and business strategy development developed by Michael E. Porter . It draws upon Industrial Organization (IO) economics to derive five forces that determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Three of Porter ’s five forces refer to competition from external sources. The remainders are internal threats. It is useful to use Porter ’s five forces in conjunction with SWOT analysis (Strengths‚ Weaknesses
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the household consumer product industry. P&G’s threat of substitution is extremely high as there are many companies producing household consumer products‚ both national and international such as Clorox‚ Kimberly-Clark and Colgate-Palmolive CL. Also‚ P&G is also competing with retailers private label brands such as Walmart’s Great Value. Because the consumer’s switching costs between products are low‚ the quality‚ price‚ brand loyalty and differentiation of a product is very important in influencing
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Table of Contents 1.Introduction 2.Substitute products 3.Bargaining power of customers 4.Bargaining power of suppliers 5.Entrance barriers 6.Usefulness of the Five forces 7.Limitations of the five forces Model 8.Porter in the airline industry/Ryanair Introduction The model of the Five Competitive Forces was developed by Michael Porter in his book Competitive Strategy: "Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors" in 1980. Since that time it has become an important instrument for
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In our society today we only have two categories male and female then what about the in-betweens hermaphrodites and pseudo-hermaphrodites which categories do they fit in. In truth they don’t fit into any of these categories because they are consider out of norms. Hermaphrodites have both the male and female organs due to them having both the xx and xy chromosomes but in our society you can only be one. In most recent events the sex of a female South African athlete Caster Semenya has been in question
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Anemia: Low RBC and/or low HgB Causes: Hypoproliferative (not producing enough): Deficiencies‚ Cancer. Hemolytic (destruction of): Disease‚ hyperslenism‚ mech. Heart valves. Blood loss. S/S: Fatigue‚ weakness‚ malaise‚ pallor‚ jaundice‚ cardiac and respiratory symptoms‚ tongue/nail changes‚ pica‚ Nail changes‚ angular cheilosis (cracks at corners of mouth) PT w/ hypothytoid may be asymptomatic. PT w/ CV or Pulmonary disease may have severe symptoms. Elderly: More pronounced
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manager to plan strategy? The output of concern to the campaign manager is the number of votes. The production function has two inputs‚ television advertising and letters. The use of these inputs requires knowledge of the substitution possibilities between them. If the inputs are perfect substitutes for example‚ the isoquants are straight lines‚ and the campaign manager should use only the less expensive input in this case. If the inputs are not perfect substitutes‚ the isoquants will have a convex
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Cost reduction Generally defined as the act of cutting costs to improve profitability. Cost reduction‚ should therefore‚ not be confused with cost saving and cost control. Cost saving could be a temporary affair and may be at the cost of quality. Cost reduction implies the retention of essential characteristics and quality of the product and thus it must be confined to permanent and genuine savings in the costs of manufacture‚ administration‚ distribution and selling‚ brought about by elimination
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Porter’s five forces Michael E Porter developed the Porter’s five forces analysis in 1979 which serves as a framework for industry analysis and business strategy development. Its five forces determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Attractiveness in this context refers to the overall industry profitability. Three of Porter’s five forces refer to competition from external sources. The remainder are internal threats. It is useful to use Porter’s five forces in
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its environment‚ his or her daily interaction with others teaches it more about the ‘self as object’ or categorical self (Dunn‚ 1988). This is when a basic level of self-awareness is achieved‚ the child places himself and is placed by others into categories that define who they are (ref. from 2009). Harter (1983) outlined a developmental sequence in which children’s self-descriptions change as they get older‚ where they begin to see themselves more objectively - as if described by others (ref. from
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strengths. Michael Porter has argued that a firm’s strength usually falls into one of two headings: • Cost advantage • Differentiation By applying these strengths in either a broad or narrow or narrow scope‚ three generic strategies result: • Cost leadership • Differentiation • Focus These strategies are applied at business unit level. They are called generic strategies because they are not firm or industry dependant. Cost Leadership: This generic strategy calls for being the low cost producer in
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