Finance Department; Output Based Budgeting Vision of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Attainment of a secure‚ just and prosperous society through socioeconomic and human resource development‚ creation of equal opportunities‚ good governance and optimal utilization of resources in a sustainable manner. Budget Estimates For Service Delivery 2011-14 | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2 Finance Department; Output Based Budgeting The secretaries of these departments may be made responsible to brief the cabinet on
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Capital Budgeting: Decision Criteria Brigham and Daves Ch. 12 Christopher B. Alt CFA PhD What Is Capital Budgeting? Analysis of potential additions to fixed assets Long-term decisions typically involving large $ expenditures Making the ‘right’ capital budgeting decisions is enormously important to a firm’s future Should we build this plant? All rights reserved - Christopher B. Alt 2 Key Steps in Capital Budgeting Estimate CFs (inflows & outflows) Assess riskiness of CFs Determine
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BUDGET AND BUDGETARY CONTROL PRACTICES IN THE COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION‚ KUMASI 1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Universities and colleges need to recognize that they too are businesses (Dr. Brendan Nelson‚ 2002). Investors‚ senior executives and the business community have long sought for ways to better control the companies and enterprises they run. As part of a broader micro-economic reform of the public sector‚ the higher education sector has been targeted for its perceived role for improving
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Capital budgeting refers to the total process of generating‚ evaluating‚ selecting and following up on capital expenditure alternatives. The firm allocates or budgets financial resources to new investment proposals. Basically‚ the firm may be confronted with three types of capital budgeting decisions i) the accept/reject decision‚ ii) the mutually exclusively choice decision and iii) the capital rationing decision. i) Asset – reject decision: This is a fundamental decision in capital budgeting
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Behavioural Issues in the Budgetary Control System Objectives of Budgeting Through budgeting organisations can provide information for strategic planning and control‚ these are the two main objectives of the budgetary control system. Management and management accountants must work together and operate a system that achieves these objectives‚ they do so through a system called variance analysis. Management accountants compare the actual results against the budgets; they then send reports to the
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Answer- 1: Answer- 1 India was a closed economy in the beginning. Policy banning imports. The Liberalization of India’s Government in 1991. New Industrial Policy. Strict policies regarding the entry of foreign brands. Trade rules & regulations simplified. Foreign investment increased. Pepsi enters in 1986. Coca-Cola follows in 1993. Contd … Slide 14: Unlawful to market under their Western name in India Pepsi became “Lehar Pepsi”. Coca-Cola merged with Parle and became “Coca-Cola India”. Different
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Many householders as well as companies are still constructing and growing attempting to improve today’s economic climate. Opening up a small concrete organization and dealing with the general public and building clientele might earn potential income. When opening a business several expenditures occur and difficult jobs are required. In order to begin a company factors require to be analyzed for example workers‚ material‚ vehicles‚ factories‚ and funds. When the company investment is thought and prepared
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Bibliography: Lucey T. (1996) Management Accounting 4th edition‚ D.P Publishers Mwisho A.M‚ (2002) Financial Planning and Forecasting‚ Mzumbe University‚ Morogoro‚ Tanzania. Glenn A.W (1964) Budgeting; Profit planning and Control‚ Prentice-Hall Inc‚ Englewood Cliffs New Jersey. Harlod C. Edey (1964) Business Budgets and Accounts‚ Hutchinson and company Ltd. Brown J.L & Owler L.W.J (1975) Cost Accounting‚ Replica Press‚ Pvt Ltd England. Drury C
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According to Attrill and Mclaney‚ 2009‚ there are four (4) approaches to capital budgeting. The net present value (NPV) is one of such and is a summation of all discounted cash flows(Present Value) associated with whichever project(s) are undergoing appraisal. Every appraisal method have decision rules‚ examples include the Payback Period(PBP) which stipulates the approval of projects that pays back the initial investments within a specific period. For this method (Net Present Value) to be most
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Capital Budgeting Mini Case There are many different methods business owners use to efficiently analyze business investment. One of these effective methods is the calculation of the net present value or NPV. The second most effective method would be the calculations of the internal rate of return or IRR. There are also other useful methods as well‚ for example‚ the payback rule and the profitability index. Many business owners use the above procedures to help them in their decision making of acquiring
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