CFA® Level I – Economics Demand and Supply Analysis: Consumer Demand www.irfanullah.co Graphs‚ charts‚ tables‚ examples‚ and figures are copyright 2012‚ CFA Institute. Reproduced and republished with permission from CFA Institute. All rights reserved. 1 Contents and Introduction 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Introduction Consumer Theory: From Preferences to Demand Functions Utility Theory: Modelling Preferences and Tastes The Opportunity Set: Consumption Production‚ and Investment Choice Consumer Equilibrium:
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the aid of community Indifference curve and the production possibility frontier how a country an gain from international trade. 둘째. What other possible gains from trade are there other than the “gain for exchange” and gains from specialization.”? 첫째 The gain from international trade between countries can simply be clarified by the aid of Community Indifference Curves and the production possibility frontier as follows. The production possibility frontier is the curve that shows the alternative
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Barriers to entry: In theories of competition in economics‚ barriers to entry are the obstacles and hindrances that make it difficult for a company to enter a given market or industry. The most common barriers to entry include government regulation and economies of scale‚ but nowadays it is increasing for entry barriers to be viewed as a cost. Stigler defined barriers to entry as “A cost of producing which must be borne by a firm which seeks to enter an industry but is not borne by firms already
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PROBLEMS 1. The following data represent 5 points on the supply curve for orange juice: PRICE ($ PER GALLON) QUANTITY (MILLIONS OF GALLONS) 1 100 2 300 3 500 4 700 5 900 and these data represent 5 points on the demand curve for orange juice: PRICE ($ PER GALLON) QUANTITY (MILLIONS OF GALLONS) 1 700 2 600 3 500 4 400 5 300 a. Graph the points of these supply and demand curves for orange juice. Be sure to put price on the vertical axis and
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economies of scale. d. diseconomies of scale. ____ 6. The complete description of a competitive firm’s supply curve is as follows: The competitive firm’s short-run supply curve is that portion of the a. average total cost curve that lies above marginal cost. b. average variable cost curve that lies above marginal cost. c. marginal cost curve that lies above average total cost. d. marginal cost curve that lies above average variable cost. 2 Name: ________________________
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substitution effects of a change in the price of a good. Economics and Information systems Aboyowa Okoturo 3/2/2012 INTRODUCTION The relationship that occurs between one’s consumption‚ his or her personal preferences and the demand curve is one of the most complex associations in economics. Unconditionally‚ an economist would carry the mind set that whatever is purchased by an individual is consumed‚ and the only exception to this is if the purchase is for a productive activity.
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Software and Decision Support Tools: Excel‚ Matlab‚ B34S Goal: Develop a systematic and reproducible decision making strategy. Common Tasks facing a Modern Manager: Whether to lease or buy equipment? How to determine the shape of the cost curve of a production process. How to price a product. How to estimate Demand for a product. How to forecast Demand. How to estimate a production function. How a production function can be used to set wages. How to determine the appropriate level
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Production–possibility frontier In economics‚ a production–possibility frontier (PPF)‚ sometimes called a production–possibility curve‚ production-possibility boundary or product transformation curve‚ is a graph that compares the production rates of two commodities that use the same fixed total of the factors of production. Graphically bounding the production set‚ the PPF curve shows the maximum specified production level of one commodity that results given the production level of the other. By doing
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any degree of risk. Alternatively‚ the efficient portfolio is that which provides the lowest degree of risk for any expected return. d. The efficient frontier is the set of efficient portfolios out of the full set of potential portfolios. On a graph‚ the efficient
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EXERCISES 1. An individual sets aside a certain amount of his income per month to spend on his two hobbies‚ collecting wine and collecting books. Given the information below‚ illustrate both the price-consumption curve associated with changes in the price of wine and the demand curve for wine. |Price |Price |Quantity |Quantity |Budget | |Wine |Book |Wine |Book | | |$10 |$10
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