Maslow’s theory of needs in individualistic and collectivist cultures Malika Kassymova Les Roches Jin Jiang International Hotel Management College Advanced Writing Skills 13/06/2013 1. Abstract Maslow ’s hierarchy of needs is a motivation theory elaborated by a humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow in 1943. Maslow’s theory consists of 5 main levels of needs that form a pyramid: Physiological‚ Safety‚ Belongingness and Love‚ Esteem‚ Self-Actualization (Janet A. Simons‚ 1987). Even though
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Introduction The need to expand activities in the geographical areas beyond national borders puts the company and their managers in the difficult conditions of doing business in different countries. This gives rise to diverse and multifaceted problems caused by the existence of cultural differences between countries. Therefore‚ studies of effects of job satisfaction and high quality job alternatives‚ in different cultural contexts‚ on desire of employees to exit‚ neglect‚ voice or to stay loyal
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The Role of Culture in Conflict Humans are unique products of individual temperaments‚ varying life experiences‚ family upbringings‚ and individual mental patterns; moreover‚ they are also products of the cultures in which they live or have lived (Angelica‚ 2004). Culture establishes many of our communication patterns as well as our basic values. 32 Often‚ these values are so familiar as to be invisible to the holders. When not understood‚ these cultural patterns can be a source of conflict
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are integrated into strong cohesive ingroups‚ which throughout people’s lifetime continue to protect them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty." *11 Individualistic cultures like USA (highest score = 1st rank) and France (10th rank) are more self-centred and emphasize mostly on their individual goals. People from individualistic cultures tend to think only of themselves as individuals and as "I" distinctive from other people.They make just a little different between ingroup and outgroup
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As mentioned before‚ collectivistic cultures have more conservative views regarding divorce; nevertheless‚ many collectivistic cultures have migrated towards more individualistic cultures (Afifi‚ et al.‚ 2013). This has created an interesting dynamic where children are being raised in a macrosystem (Berger‚ 2014) which values things in disagreement with their host culture. Children from a collectivistic culture who grow up in an individualistic culture are impacted in many different
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Written by: Hooper‚ Christopher (section I‚ II (intro)‚ II-c‚ III-a‚ III-b‚ IV‚ V) Pesantez‚ Maria (section III-c) Rizvi‚ Syed (section II-a-b) Proof read and edited by: Hood‚ Amanda Hooper‚ Christopher Pesantez‚ Maria Rizvi‚ Syed Cross-Cultural Communication and Negotiation – Spring 2005 MANA 4340‚ Section 00586 TTH: 2:30 – 4:00pm. Room 128 MH Professor: Dr. Roger N. Blakeney Table of Content I. Introduction II. Negotiation A. The Western View: Direct confrontation
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General Psychological Issues in Cultural Perspective Subunit 1 Basic Psychological Processes and Culture Article 3 1-1-2004 Decision Making in Individualistic and Collectivistic Cultures C. Dominik Guess Northern Illinois University‚ dguess@unf.edu Recommended Citation Guess‚ C. (2004). Decision Making in Individualistic and Collectivistic Cultures. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture‚ 4(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1032 This Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
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Elvin‚ Wong Wing Chung (073085) What are the main sources of conflict in cross-cultural management within an international organization? Introduction The boundaries between countries become less obvious and important today‚ people getting much closer than ever before. The whole world seems united into a single unit‚ and these changes are all brought by “Globalization”. International organization are also one of the products which produced by globalization. Working within a multi-national
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one-Japanese students will report the use of decision processes and behaviour which are characteristic of a collectivistic culture‚ with an emphasis on the group and social context‚ whereas Australian Downloaded by [University of Cape Town Libraries] at 12:36 18 February 2013 CULTURE AND DECISION MAKING 39 students will report the use of decision processes characteristic of an individualistic culture. The article’s main argument is that group members use ‘national culture’ and ‘cultural diversity’
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In the land of the blind the man with one eye is king‚ because when man no longer dreams the doors of perception will forever remain shut. Communication has over 100 definitions according to F.X Dance‚ yet as a species communication has been a plague to society before the separation of black and white or rich and poor. In the short film‚ Why they hate us? Reporters‚ scientist‚ and religious leaders attempt to find the reason why the people of Islam have such a great hate for the American people.
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