Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is one of the most worldwide consumed psychoactive substances and it is totally legal. The chemical name of caffeine is 1‚ 3‚ 7 – Trimethylpurine – 2‚ 6‚ - dione. Its molecular formula is C8H10N4O2 and it has a molecular mass of 194.19 g/mole. Caffeine is an odourless‚ white crystalline purine‚ a methylxanthine alkaloid‚ which is closely chemically related to adenine and guanine. Caffeine acts through multiple mechanisms
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activation 8. Endocrine disorders - Hyper secretion causes Giantism in children and Acromegaly in Adults Hypo secretion - Dwarfism in children and Simmonds Disease in Adults PRL - Prolactin 1. Produce by Anterior Pituitary Gland 2. Target of PRL is mammary gland 3. Effects of PRL is to produce and secrete milk 4. Regulation of PRL is hormonal 5. PRL is a polypeptide 6. PRL is water soluble 7. PRL activates by cyclic amp second messenger systems at their targets 8. Endocrine disorders -
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Sakariye .M Biology 5/27/2014 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS AND HOW THEY AFFECT EVERYTHING “Our Stolen Future” by Theo Colborn is about the health and environmental threats created by man-made chemical contaminants that interfere with hormones in humans and wildlife. In this paper i’ll explain what is an endocrine system‚ what are endocrine disruptors‚ and how endocrine disruptors affect humans. The endocrine system includes all of the glands of the body and the hormones produced by those glands
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also helps with the activities in our lives such as remembering and making decisions and learning. 4. Give one example of a neurotransmitter? What is the purpose of this specific neurotransmitter? One example is acetylcholine. It is found in the nervous system and it sends messages relating to our skeletal muscles. Also‚ it helps with the capacity of memory capabilities. 5. Who are neuroscientists? They study the brain and behavior;
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self-fulfilling prophecies for behaviour. These behaviours can be good or bad‚ constructive or destructive. In hindsight‚ my experience with stereotypes has been quite rewarding. I got glasses at a very young age. In elementary and middle school I was one of the very few children who had glasses. Among children of that age the stereotype is that people with glasses are just bookworms and nerds who study a lot and do nothing else. This stereotype shaped my classmates’ behaviour towards me which in turn
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Front this divison of the peripheral nervous system includes the neurons found along the GI tract Back enteric nervous system Front name for a group of neuron cell bodies in the CNS Back nucleus Front name for a group of neuron cell bodies in the PNS Back ganglia Front these ions are cross the neuron cell membrane during a hyperpolarization Back Cl- K+ Page 1 Front Back these gates respond to chemical stimuli such as nerutransmitters
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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS Definition Stimulants are a substance which tends to increase behavioral activity when administered. Primary action of a diverse group of pharmacologic agents – adverse effect associated with many drugs. Signs and symptoms * Elevate Mood * Increase Motor Activity * Increase Alertness * Decrease need for Sleep *In case of overdose lead to convulsion and death. Mode of Action * Block neurotransmitters
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The Nervous System: Membrane Potential 1. Record the intracellular and extracellular concentrations of the following ions (mM/L): Intracellular Extracellular Sodium (Na+) Potassium (K+) Chloride (Cl–) 2. Excitable cells‚ like neurons‚ are more permeable to ___________ than to ___________. 3. How would the following alterations affect the membrane permeability to K+? Use arrows to indicate the change in permeability. a. An increase in the number of passive K+ channels
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The endocrine system works with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis. The endocrine system secretes hormones in the human body‚ which are produced in endocrine glands and are released into the bloodstream to travel to the its specific target cell‚ tissue‚ or organ. Exocrine glands produce chemicals that are discharged into the surroundings. Hormones can either produce short-lived responses or long-term responses. An example of a short-lived response is when adrenaline (epinephrine)causes the
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The nervous system is the most important system in the body. It transmits impulses to and from the brain. Disruption of the nerve cells and fibers that transmit the messages severely impairs the body’s ability to carry out complex function. Once a disruption occurs‚ one may never recover and neurological function will steadily degrade. Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that disrupts this network. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common disabling neurological disease in young adults between 20 and
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