between formal & informal organization. This question requires the discussion interrelationship between formal organization and informal organization. First we want to know about what the formal organization is and what the informal organization is. Formal organization is a fixed set of rules of intra-organization procedures and structures. As such‚ it is usually set out in writing; with a language of rules that ostensibly leave little discretion for interpretation also the informal organization is
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Formal vs Informal Education We all think we know about education as being the one imparted in schools around the country. This system of education‚ devised by the government and based upon a curriculum is called the formal system of education. However‚ in most countries‚ there is also an informal system of education that is totally different from school education and has nothing to do with the strict curriculum and other obligations found in formal education. There have always been long standing
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Formal and informal institutions’ lending policies and access to credit by small-scale enterprises in Kenya: An empirical assessment By Rosemary Atieno University of Nairobi AERC Research Paper 111 African Economic Research Consortium‚ Nairobi November 2001 © 2001‚ African Economic Research Consortium. Published by: The African Economic Research Consortium P.O. Box 62882 Nairobi‚ Kenya Printed by: The Regal Press Kenya‚ Ltd. P.O. Box 46116 Nairobi‚ Kenya ISBN 9966-944-52-4
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Management Information Systems 2010/2011 Lecture … (5) Sources of Information Information systems should support both formal and informal communication. Formal communications can include reports and accounting statements. Informal communications can include conversations and notes. Formal Communication Information transmitted by formal communication tends to be presented in a consistent manner. Company reports‚ for example‚ will often use the same basic format
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Kinds of Informal Report There are six kinds of informal report; 1. Information Report 2. Progress Report 3. Justification Report 4. Feasibility Report 5. Minutes of meetings 6. Summaries The detail of all these reports is given below. 1. Information Report: What is Information Report? The reports that collect and organize information are informative or investigative reports. Importance: The information reports may records routine activities such as daily‚ weekly‚ and monthly
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Informal Roles: Productive I took on the informal roles of a compromiser‚ gatekeeper and encourager during the group interactions (Connery & Vohs‚ 2006). In the compromise role‚ I offered suggestions and encouraged feedback from the group members on my ideas so that we could all have a chance to weigh in on decisions that were being made and come to a collective agreement on how we wanted to proceed. As the gatekeeper‚ I kept up frequent communication online with my group members when we did not
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Characteristics of the informal organization • relationship of cohesion or antagonism: even though you are located at different sectors (levels) within the organization individuals create personal relationships of sympathy or antipathy whose duration or intensity may vary. • Status: individuals that interact in informal groups acquire certain social position or status depending on the role they play in each group without the sense of knowing what position or rank they’re in within the formal
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In what ways are the “contextual concerns” influenced in this initial extract? Texts reflect changing values that were present at the time of their composition even if they are composed at different times. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein was created during the 18th to 19th century‚ a period where romanticism began to establish in a time of industrial revolution. She wrote when predominant writers such as Godwin‚ Coleridge and Byron were around‚ and so her work manifests philosophical and social contexts
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institutions and the two additional pillars that support informal institutions. Answer: Regulatory Pillar that supports formal institutions and other two additional pillars name are Normative Pillar and Cognitive Pillar. Normative pillar refers to how to values‚ beliefs‚ and actions- collectively known as norms of other relevant players influence the behavior of focal individuals and firms. Cognitive pillar is the school support for informal institutions. It refers to the internalized values and
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Air pollution is by far the most harmful form of pollution in our environment. Air pollution is cause by the injurious smoke emitted by cars‚ buses‚ trucks‚ trains‚ and factories‚ namely sulphur dioxide‚ carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. Even smoke from burning leaves and cigarettes are harmful to the environment causing a lot of damage to man and the atmosphere. Evidence of increasing air pollution is seen in lung cancer‚ asthma‚ allergies‚ and various breathing problems along with severe and
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