Data Representation Data and instructions that are presented in a written or typed format can only be understood by the user. If the data is not in the user’s language‚ s/he will not be able to understand it. It is the same way with the computer; the computer’s language is binary 0s and 1s. The computer cannot understand typed or written instructions or data. Whenever data or instructions or input to the computer it is first converted to 0s and 1s‚ these are called binary digits (bits). There
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IT433 Data Warehousing and Data Mining — Data Preprocessing — 1 Data Preprocessing • Why preprocess the data? • Descriptive data summarization • Data cleaning • Data integration and transformation • Data reduction • Discretization and concept hierarchy generation • Summary 2 Why Data Preprocessing? • Data in the real world is dirty – incomplete: lacking attribute values‚ lacking certain attributes of interest‚ or containing only aggregate data • e.g.‚ occupation=“ ”
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c. ratio scale d. interval scale 2. Data obtained from a nominal scale a. must be alphabetic b. can be either numeric or nonnumeric c. must be numeric d. must rank order the data 3. In a post office‚ the mailboxes are numbered from 1 to 4‚500. These numbers represent a. qualitative data b. quantitative data c. either qualitative or quantitative data d. since the numbers are sequential‚ the data is quantitative 4. A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number
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Data Structures and Algorithms DSA Annotated Reference with Examples Granville Barne Luca Del Tongo Data Structures and Algorithms: Annotated Reference with Examples First Edition Copyright c Granville Barnett‚ and Luca Del Tongo 2008. This book is made exclusively available from DotNetSlackers (http://dotnetslackers.com/) the place for .NET articles‚ and news from some of the leading minds in the software industry. Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 What this book is‚ and what
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Residuals Date: _____________________ Introduction The fit of a linear function to a set of data can be assessed by analyzing__________________. A residual is the vertical distance between an observed data value and an estimated data value on a line of best fit. Representing residuals on a___________________________ provides a visual representation of the residuals for a set of data. A residual plot contains the points: (x‚ residual for x). A random residual plot‚ with both
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM - one of the most commonly used modeling tool which graphically represents a system as a network of processes‚ linked together through input and output flow lines and entities. Data flow Components ▪ Process - transformation of data flow into outgoing data flow. It may represent . . - whole system - subsystem - activity ▪ Data store - repository of data in the system It may represent . . . - computer file or
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Is A Data Dictionary? Per the IBM Dictionary of Computing‚ a data dictionary is a "centralized repository of information about data such as meaning‚ relationships to other data‚ origin‚ usage‚ and format." Essentially‚ it is documentation or data about data in a file or database‚ also called metadata. Typical Items In A Data Dictionary For each field or column in a database table‚ describe the following elements: Item Contents File/Table Name The name of the file or table where this
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Workstation are typically used for CPU tasks and simulation projects‚ unlike servers which are mainly used for data storage‚ to run databases and organize data‚ DNS‚ and to host web pages. 3. List some advantages of mapping a directory located on a server to a workstation. 4. Discuss how you would add new users and groups to your server. Include a discussion of the permissions that you would need to consider in doing so. Next to the Control Panel link choose the Active Directory Users and Computers
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Data Processing During the collection of data‚ our group noted the effect that temperature change had on aquatic macro invertebrates. Our data was collected from three different ponds amongst the Lake Harriet/Lake Calhoun vicinity. We took samples from the bird sanctuary pond‚ Lake Calhoun holding pond and the Lake Harriet duck area. Prior to our procedure‚ we measured the temperatures of each pond area. We used the low-temperature climate (bird sanctuary pond) to compare to the higher-temperature
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Using the Standard Deviation You made a number of observations about the data sets for the school activities. You used mean and median to measure the center of the data‚ and you used the interquartile range (IQR) to measure the spread. When outliers are present‚ the median and IQR are used to measure center and spread because they are unaffected by extreme values. When the data appears to be symmetric and there are no known outliers‚ the mean and standard deviation (another measure of spread)
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