through fractional distillation. Once the fraction has been collected it must then be dried. The dried distillate is finally tested to determine whether or not it has been dehydrated. The three tests used were infrared spectroscopy‚ Bromine chemical test and Bayer’s chemical test. The infrared spectroscopy showed a large narrow peak at 3062.12(cm-1) and 3020.71(cm-1) which indicates that there is a double bond present. To assure the results were correct the chemical tests were done. The Bromine test
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it with acetaminophen‚ aspirin‚ or ibuprofen. Then we used the Infrared Spectroscopy to determine the function group of the molecules to help us identify which analgesic was used. Between the symptoms‚ melting point‚ and results of the infrared spectroscopy we were able to identify what analgesic Jasper ingested. Results: After receiving all of the information and comparing the results of the symptoms‚ melting point‚ and infrared spectroscopy we concluded that they analgesic he was given was
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reaction occurred correctly and that 1-bromobutane was formed‚ infrared spectroscopy as well as halide tests were performed on the product. Infrared spectroscopy works on the basis that different covalent bonds of molecules can stretch and bend. These bonds can undergo vibrations which require energy that corresponds directly with the energy absorbed from infrared radiation. Consequently‚ each bond will absorb different spectrums of infrared radiation. The
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1. Introduction The Hubble Space telescope has been Orbiting the Earth for over two decades‚ Hubble has helped to answer some of the most compelling astronomical questions of our time – and uncovered mysteries we never knew existed. Investigating everything from black holes to planets around other stars‚ Hubble has changed the face of astronomy‚ ushering in a new chapter of humanity’s exploration of the universe. Although named to honor astronomer Edwin Hubble‚ the telescope was championed by
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What happens when you take two natural wondering parallel lines and force them to turn whilst still parallel? In a two dimensional perspective you will see two overlapping waves with a positive and negative parabola opposite from one another. In reality we would see a spiral. Imagine that these lines are instead two of the smallest forms of energy known as a photon and they are spiraling each other. When you reach distances of four hundred nanometres to seven hundred nanometres in between the photons
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changes in different drying methods is that the lowest percentage of essential oils is associated with a temperature of 60°C in the hot air‚ infrared and ultrasound methods‚ and while the highest essential oil content is related to the ultrasound method at 40°C. Therefore‚ according to the results of the research‚ using the high temperatures in the hot air‚ infrared and ultrasound dryers gives rise to reducing the yields of essential oils of the valuable medicinal plant. These results are in line with
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Title: - Infrared Spectroscopy‚ Boiling point and Melting point. Introduction: - Infrared spectroscopy has also made a break though in medicine. It used to evaluate the kidney stone diseases thus broadening the use of IR in different ways. The purpose of this lab experiment is to identify the unknown solutions using the Infrared Spectroscopy (IR)‚ boiling point‚ and melting point (1). The IR helps to determine the compounds such as a functional group. In order to analyze the compound‚ IR and melting
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Introduction Esters are in a lot of natural products like flowers‚ spices and fruits. They are usually used in artificial flavorings. Carboxylic esters help amplify the sensory effect of esters. Isopentyl acetate is made from the direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol. The direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol is an equilibrium reaction that shifts the product to the side by using the excess of one of the starting reagents. Acetic acid usually used in excess
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Unit 1 This scheme of work suggests possible teaching and learning activities for each section of the specification. There are far more activities suggested than it would be possible to teach. It is intended that teachers should select activities appropriate to their candidates and the curriculum time available. The first two columns summarise the specification references‚ whilst the Learning Outcomes indicate what most candidates should be able to achieve after the work is completed. The Resources
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Electromagnetic Waves Although you might not know it you’re constantly surrounded by thousands of electromagnetic waves every day. Sunlight and x-rays are only two types of electromagnetic waves‚ other types are: radio wave‚ infrared rays‚ ultra-violet rays and gamma rays Nature of an electromagnetic wave Electric and magnetic fields are not made up of matter. An electromagnetic wave consists of an electric and magnetic field and doesn’t need a medium to exist. They are the regions through
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