region (375nm-780nm) is used as a medium for data transmission is more secure and achieves high data rates as compared to conventional wireless technologies like Wi-Fi‚ Bluetooth‚ Wimax etc.‚ which use radio waves for communication. Till late 1990s infrared spectrum is used for the communication. But in the early 2000s‚ researches started using visible light from LEDs as the medium for communication. Initially they were able to achieve network speed about 100Kbps. With continuous developments‚ VLC systems
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An Industrial training report On AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE CONTROL Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING In ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING By M.SHALINI ANIL NEERUKONDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES Sangivalasa -531162‚ Bheemunipatnam (mandal) Visakhapatnam‚ Andhra Pradesh 2009-2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Our sincere thanks and gratitude to Roshan sir for all the support and kindness he has bestowed upon us
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travels at different waves and spans in a very broad spectrum. This wide spectrum of wavelengths and photon energy is called the electromagnetic spectrum. There are 7 different types of waves in an electromagnetic spectrum; radio waves‚ microwaves‚ infrared waves‚ visible light‚ ultraviolet waves‚ x-rays and gamma rays. Each of these categories contains different type of waves‚ which varies in wavelength and photon energy‚ which is the units in which electromagnetic radiation come in. Figure 1. An
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ground temperatures at a global average of about 60 degrees farenheit. Without them the average would be below the freezing point of water. The gases have this effect because as incoming solar radiation strikes the surface‚ the surface gives off infrared radiation. The effect is comparable to the way in which a greenhouse traps heat and that is how we got the name greenhouse
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GLOBAL WARMING AND GREEN HOUSE EFFECT – HOW CAN WE STOP THEM ? The greenhouse effect occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere trap infrared radiation whereas Global warming refers to an increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect. Burning fossil fuels raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere‚ and it is a major contributor to the greenhouse effect and global warming. We can help to reduce the demand for fossil fuels‚ which in turn reduces
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Our Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) spectrum for our Acetaminophen KBr pellet provided a handful of strong peaks and hints that helped us to hypothesize what functional groups might be in Acetaminophen. The peaks that were at the highest wavenumbers were analyzed first. The strong peak at 3325.82 cm-1 was an indicator that there was stretching occurring between a Hydrogen and Nitrogen atom. This signified that Acetaminophen could contain an amide group. The next defined peak is located at 3162.26 cm-1
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------------------------------ = -------------- x 100 = 10.6% Amt. Cloves used 5 g In this experiment‚ it was shown that about 10.6% of an oil could be recovered from cloves by steam distillation. This oil was identified as eugenol by comparison of its infrared spectrum with an authentic sample. POST LAB 2.) The active component is Eugenol. It is a phenylpropene‚ an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol. Eugenol is a member of the phenylpropanoids class of chemical compounds. It is slightly soluble in water
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2010) (2010‚ in press) 3 Signal Processing Perspective)‚ vol. 2009‚ Article ID 184617‚ p review. J. Comput. Vis. Image Understanding 97(1)‚ 103–135 (2005) sensing. 2004 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium‚ pp 8. Mudaly‚ S.S.: Novel computer-based infrared pedestrian data-acquisition system. Electron. Lett. 15(13)‚ 371–372 (1979) Veh. Symposium 1‚ 15–20 (2002) 242 Trans. Veh. Technol. 53(6)‚ 1666–1678 (2004) 11 Sci. 3546‚ 527–531 (2005) 12 IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 29(4)‚ 627–639 (2007)
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as you are busy‚ you can easy to do what you want to change at home. Regarding to the basic functions of a home automation system‚ it is basic on wireless remote control. It is using radio wave signals to control home electronic devices and an infrared signals to alert users to intruders and call fire station or security room. Also‚ it provide door access controller including image recording system and digital door lock. Concerning the Evaluation‚ Samsonite SNT-8 is significantly more reasonable
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= 47R C1 = 100uF-16V C2 = 100nF-63V C3 = 470uF-16V D1 = 1N4007 D2 = Red LED D3 = Green LED Q1 = BC558 Q2 = BC548 IR = TSOP1738 IC1 = CD4017 RL1 = Relay 5V DC Circuit Operation: The 38kHz infrared rays generated by the remote control are received by IR receiver module TSOP1738 of the circuit. Pin 1 of TSOP1738 is connected to ground‚ pin 2 is connected to the power supply through R5 and the output is taken from pin 3. The output signal is
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