EXPERIMENT 4: Synthesis of Salicylic Acid from Wintergreen Oil Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to take methyl salicylate (wintergreen oil) and by heating it under reflux with NaOH as a solvent‚ and then cooling the mixture with H2SO4 as another solvent‚ synthesize salicylic acid. The final step involves purify the product to produce as pure a sample of salicylic acid as possible. This process allowed for the successful production of 1.406g salicylic acid‚ an 82.70% yield. The NMR and
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Not an alcohol Test for Tertiary Alcohol: Lucas Test Sample Treatment Observation Inference Unknown Sample Lucas Reagent No insoluble layer formed Not a tertiary alcohol Test for Phenol: Ferric Chloride Test Sample Treatment Observation Inference Unknown Sample Ferric Chloride + Heat No color change Maybe a phenol Test for Ketone: Iodoform Test Sample Treatment Observation
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Introduction An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. Essential oils are also known as volatile oils‚ ethereal oils or aetherolea‚ or simply as the "oil of" the plant from which they were extracted‚ such as oil of clove. Volatile oils are the odorous and volatile products of various plant and animal species. As they have a tendency to undergo evaporation on being exposed to the air even at an ambient temperature‚ they are invariably termed
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Fig. ( 1 ): Symptoms of an infected onion plants with IYSV in a commercial onion field and greenhouse . Fig. ( 1 -A‚B‚C‚D ) : IYSV Symptoms development in the field showing chlorotic‚ elongate ringed lesions on leaves and tip dieback (A) ‚ Straw-colored‚ lenticular or spindle -shaped lesions (B )‚ chlorotic‚ spindle-shaped lesions on onion leaf and spindle to diamond shaped lesions on the flower scapes (C‚D) . symptoms of IYSV in the greenhouse transmitted with virulifierous Thrips tabaci showing
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changing of the aromatic hydrocarbon into an epoxide forms a more water-soluble compound that can be eliminated from the body. Arene oxides can react in two ways. They can undergo attack by a nucleophile to form addition products or rearrange to form a phenol. Some aromatic hydrocarbons are carcinogens‚ meaning they can cause cancer. Investigations have shown that hydrocarbons themselves are not carcinogenic‚ but the carcinogens are the oxidation products of the aromatic molecules. Nucleophiles react
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Answers to Questions 1. For solutes that are dissolved because of intermolecular attractions with the solvent‚ state the intermolecular attractions involved. Intermolecular Attractions F There are dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonding between polar acetone and polar water. J There are dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonding between ethanol and water. There are also dipole-dipole attractions between ethanol and diethyl ether. L There are hydrogen bonding‚ dipole-induced
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Unit 1 This scheme of work suggests possible teaching and learning activities for each section of the specification. There are far more activities suggested than it would be possible to teach. It is intended that teachers should select activities appropriate to their candidates and the curriculum time available. The first two columns summarise the specification references‚ whilst the Learning Outcomes indicate what most candidates should be able to achieve after the work is completed. The Resources
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Acetylsalicylic Acid September 15‚ 2005 September 23‚ 2005 OBJECTIVES The objective of this lab experiment is to prepare aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) by reacting salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. INTRODUCTION This purpose of this lab was to prepare aspirin using its basic components: salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Salicylic acid and acetic anhydride‚ along with an acid catalyst‚ react to form acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid. In this reaction‚ the hydroxyl group
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titration of Aspirin. In the Synthesis portion of the experiment I found out that we have to use oil of wintergreen instead of Phenol as it is harmful and a lot more expensive as it is used in industry‚ the oil of wintergreen is a safer option to use in school and it is also part reacted meaning it already has esters attached so therefor was less risk for use to use it compared to Phenol. There were a lot of risks when performing these tests and so we had to take great precaution and stick by our risk assessments
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Electromagnetic Waves Although you might not know it you’re constantly surrounded by thousands of electromagnetic waves every day. Sunlight and x-rays are only two types of electromagnetic waves‚ other types are: radio wave‚ infrared rays‚ ultra-violet rays and gamma rays Nature of an electromagnetic wave Electric and magnetic fields are not made up of matter. An electromagnetic wave consists of an electric and magnetic field and doesn’t need a medium to exist. They are the regions through
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