environment or within that bring about the reaction eg: touching a hot plate. Response : The reaction of our body to these changes. eg. withdrawal of our hand How do we detect that we are touching a hot object? Receptors : Are specialised tips of some nerve cells that detect the information from the environment. Receptors are Sense Organs Inner Ear Photo receptors Eyes Skin Olfactory Receptor (Nose) Gustatory Receptor (Tongue) Hearing/ Balance of the body Visual Stimulus
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behavior by countering the activity in the human brain of a naturally occurring chemical called adenosine. Adenosine normally depresses neuron firing in many areas of the brain. It apparently does this by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters‚ chemicals that carry nerve impulses from one neuron to the next. Like many other agents that affect neuron firing‚ adenosine must first bind to specific receptors on neuronal membranes. There are at least two classes of these receptors‚ which
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achieved?: All the individual nerve fibers have been stimulated & responding all-or-none. What is the effect of curare on eliciting an AP?: Curare affects the synapse rather than nerve propagation. b/c curare works by blocking synaptic transmissions so that neural impulses do not travel from neuron to neuron. What is the effect of ether on eliciting an AP?: no nerve response What is the effect of lidocaine on eliciting an AP?: Blocks sodium ion channels from opening‚ inhibiting AP. What is the equation
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birth is 75 years for men and 81 years for women (U.S. Bureau of the Census‚ 2008.) The aging brain is slowing down during these years‚ which Senescence reduces the neurotransmitters-glutamate‚ acetylcholine‚ serotonin‚ and dopamine-that allow a nerve impulse to jump quickly across the synapse from one neuron to another (Backman and Farde‚ 2005.) During this time the brain is being
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insects and mammals by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the nervous system with subsequent accumulation of toxic levels of acetylcholine (ACh)‚ which is a neurotransmitter. In many cases‚ the organophosphorylated enzyme is fairly stable‚ so that recovery from intoxication may be slow. What is Acetylcholinesterase ( AChE)? • An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the synaptic clef (the space between two nerve cells) so the next nerve impulse can be transmitted
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peripheral nervous system is often referred to as the ‘reactor’ within the human body‚ as this includes the sensory and motor nerves‚ connecting the CNS with the sense organs‚ glands and muscles within the body. The foundation within the central nervous system is the neuron; neurons are cells within the body which specialise within a specific area. Neurons which are nerve cells are specifically used to transmit‚ and carry information throughout the body. Neurons are used to transmit by electrical
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about 100 billion 2. What is a neuron? It is a nerve cell that sends and receives electrical signals over long distances within the body 2b. be able to label its parts. Parts of a neuron. A neuron has three basic parts‚ the cell body‚ the axon‚ and the dendrites. A thin nerve membrane surrounds the entire cell 3. How fast do neurons travel? Neurons don’t travel‚ the impulses they transmit do. As a simple analogy‚ a neuron is like an electric
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PG3 elicits pain by direct stimulation of sensory nerve endings and also sensitizes sensory nerve endings to other pain provoking stimuli. Since the extrapallial fluid of Bellamya bengalensis has shown significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities‚ the probable mechanism could be by the inhibition of the PG3 synthesis
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lasting Well suited for coordinating gradual changes that affect the entire body The Nervous System‚ the signals are primarily electrical and are transmitted via nerve cells called neurons. Well adapted for directing immediate and rapid responses to the environment. Ex. The flick of a frog’s tongue as it catches a fly results from high speed nerve signals Hormones are made and secrete by organs called Endocrine Glands‚ a ductless gland that synthesizes hormone molecules and secretes them directly to the
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Lesson 7.01 Nervous and Endocrine Systems Neurons: A nerve cell‚ the fundamental unit of the nervous system that conducts electrical signals through the body. Impulses: Electrical signals conducted through the body’s nervous system by neuron cells. Electrical signals called impulses are carried throughout the nervous system by specialized cells called neurons. Neurons cells can vary in shape‚ size‚ and specialized function‚ but they all share some common features. The cell body is the largest
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