EXAM VERSION D NAME: __________________________________________________________ IB131 HUMAN ANATOMY Fall‚ 2009 FINAL EXAM (150 pts) Please read the questions and instructions carefully and respond concisely within the space provided. Read through the entire exam and adjust your pace accordingly. READ CAREFULLY! Be sure to fill in the double bubbles where appropriate (e.g.‚ “AB” gets both “A” and “B” bubbles filled in). Good luck and enjoy!☺
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It is important to know the structures and anatomy that make up the eyes to gain a better understanding of how light and images are processed to become sight. ANATOMY The lacrimal gland‚ or tear duct‚ produces tears when stimulated by the facial nerve. The delicate‚ transparent mucous membrane that covers the inside of the eyelids and the anterior surface of the eye is the conjunctiva. The sclera is the white‚ tough‚ fibrous connective tissue that makes up the whites of the eyes. The cornea is the
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Tunnel Pain Relief The fact that Carpal tunnel syndrome results from pressure on the Median Nerve necessitates Carpal Tunnel massage that helps to relief the nerve. Carpal Tunnel syndrome results in irritation on the meridian nerve and later the wrist. It is associated with different symptoms that include weakness‚ tingling‚ pain‚ and numbness in different parts of the hand‚ which are linked by the median nerves. If left untreated for some time‚ the syndrome may result in motor deficits and pain that
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the nervous system. Histology of Nervous Tissue 3. List the types of neuroglia and cite their functions. 4. Define neuron‚ describe its important structural components‚ and relate each to a functional role. 5. Differentiate between a nerve and a tract‚ and between a nucleus and a ganglion. 6. Explain the importance of the myelin sheath and describe how it is formed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. 7. Classify neurons structurally and functionally. Membrane Potentials
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watch a scary movie? People jump when watching scary movies because the loud noise or flashing picture (the stimulus) passes through out eyes or ears (the receptor) and our endocrine system responds to the surroundings thus sending electrical impulses to the brain causing our muscles (the effectors) to spasm causing us to jump or scream. In addition‚ the blood has a increased amount of hormonal adrenaline and a higher heart rate. Hormones Hormones are a chemical substance .the control many
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NAME ________________________________________ HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY BMS 108 First Midterm – Summer 2013 DR. BARRY D. TANOWITZ 1. Put your name at the top and on your Scantron. 2. Answers for questions 1-‐ 50 will be placed on a Scantron (Green strip‚ 100 questions) – all questions 1 point each.
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myelin sheath c) How would a signal travel through this neuron differently if c were not present? The myelin sheath is a layer of insulation. It forces the nerve impulse to leap from node to node as shown above. This allows the nerve impulse to travel much faster. If the myelin sheath were missing‚ the nerve impulse would travel at a much slower speed. d) What is d? Explain what happens when an action potential reaches d. The structures labeled d are synaptic knobs.
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metabolic fatigue. Nervous Fatigue Nervous fatigue is the decline in the ability of a nerve to sustain a signal resulting in innervation of the muscle. The muscle’s ability to generate force is most strongly limited by nerve’s ability to sustain a high-frequency signal. After a period of maximum contraction‚ the nerve’s signal reduces in frequency and the force generated by the contraction diminishes. Nerves are responsible for controlling the contraction of muscles. For extremely powerful contractions
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The Muscular System: Contraction of Motor Units 1. Define a motor neuron:_____A single nerve cell that branches from the brain or the spinal cord to a muscle or a gland. 2. Define a motor unit: ___A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it stimulates. 3. The synapse between a motor neuron and the muscle it innervates is called a ____neuromuscular junction_______. 4. The stimulation of additional motor units will increase the strength of the contraction. This process is called
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REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 3 Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses NAME: 1. Match each of the definitions in Column A with the appropriate term in Column B. Column A Column B __D__ term that refers to a membrane potential of about -70 mv __F__ reversal of membrane potential due to influx of sodium ions __B__ major cation found outside of a cell __A__ minimal stimulus needed to elicit an action potential __E__ period when cell membrane is totally insensitive to additional stimuli‚ regardless
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