organs‚ and coordinating the activity of muscle. The nervous system of vertebrate animals is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system(PNS). The CNS comprises the brain and spinal cord‚ whereas the PNS consists of the nerves and neurons that reside or extend outside the central nervous system‚ such as to serve
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1. INTRODUCTION TO ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH (EEG) Hans Berger in 1929 was the first person to measure the electroencephalogram measured in humans. Electrical impulses generated by nerve firings in the brain can be measured by electrodes placed on the scalp. The EEG gives a view of neural activity and is used to non-invasively study the physiology of the human brain.EEG activity is a small signal‚ measured in micro volts with the main frequencies of interest up to approximately 30 Hertz (Hz) [1‚2].
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nervous system is comprised of all nerves and nerve pathways that are outside the brain and spinal cord. Neuropathy can develop gradually or suddenly‚ and symptoms vary in severity among individuals. Peripheral Neuropathy can be broadly categorized by the 1) type of nerve that has been damaged‚ 2) location of nerve damage in the body or 3) disease process that causes it. In some cases‚ the cause cannot be identified. Types: There are three main types of peripheral nerves:
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Price (2000) classify pain into two types. First‚ nociceptive pain‚ refers to acute sensation triggered by stimulation of pain receptors‚ usually as a result of injury. It has a very useful‚ protective role. Second type‚ neuropathic pain‚ relates to nerve injury or dysfunction of the nervous system. This essay is going to explain mechanisms of central and peripheral neuropathic pain. It will describe causes and symptoms and provide some examples of common neuropathic syndromes. This piece will also
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includes nerves that connect the CNS to the remote body parts - relays and receives messages 3. ANS- autonomic nervous system - regulates the involuntary function of the internal organs. Histology: made up of 2 cells 1. neurons –receive impulses and send them on to other cells 2. neuroglia- protect and nourish th neurons Neuron: made up of 3 parts 1. dendrites – short projections from the cell body that conduct impulses towards
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supported by internal skeleton skill around brain and vertebra around spinal cord and dorsal nerve cord. 2. What are the four levels of organization in vertebrate bodies? Cells‚ tissues‚ organs‚ organ systems. 3. What are tissues? Groups of cells similar in structure and function are organized into tissues. What are the four primary tissues in adult vertebrates? Epithelial‚ connective‚ muscle‚ nerve.
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The Specificity Theory proposes that pain impulses are transmitted along linear pathways to pain centres in the brain. The intensity of the pain is determined by the number of impulses along a neuron (Moayedi & David 2013). This theory fails to consider psychological effects such as past experiences and anxiety that can act to alter pain perception (Melzack and
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body temperature‚ receptors‚ normally nerve endings‚ in the dermis encounter the change‚ then sends an impulse to the hypothalamus‚ the control centre in the brain. An impulse is then sent to the effectors in the skin and will respond in either increasing or decreasing temperature; this would depend on the change. Responses are carried out by the structure in the dermis. When temperature goes back to its set point the hypothalamus then stops sending impulses to the effectors. This process is the
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What Causes Optical Illusions? Optical illusions are how the eye sees the illusion. Most people now believe that seeing optical illusions has to do with perspective‚ or the way you look at something. The concept of optical illusion was first used by the Greeks. They built their temples so that the roof was slanted. This gave the illusion that the temple was actually standing straight. We get used to how things are supposed to be‚ and sometimes our brain gets the wrong message. Our brain puts
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| D. Corpus callosum | K. Pineal gland | E. Falx cerebelli | L. Pons | F. Hypothalamus | M. Tentorium cerebella | G. Insula | N. Diencephalon | 1. Structure formed by the crossing-over of the optic nerves ___J__ 2. Part of the diencephalon that forms lower walls and floor of third ventricle _F_ 3. Cone-shaped structure attached to upper posterior portion of diencephalon __K__ 4. Connects cerebral hemispheres __D_ 5. Ridge on surface of the cerebellum
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