mosquito. Zika can cause fever‚ it can give you a rash‚ Joint pain and red eyes which can last for days. Zika can’t just infect you by touching you‚ it has to go through your immune system. The immune system is your body’s defense system against viruses. The immune system is not easy for viruses to get through. The immune system is not perfect‚ so viruses can still get through. The Zika virus cell has different parts which all contribute to getting into a host cell. This is called its structure. The
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The Immune System - Overview We are surrounded by billions of bacteria and viruses. To many of them‚ a human being is like a walking smorgasbord‚ offering nearly limitless resources that they can use for energy and reproduction. Luckily for us‚ getting into the human body is not an easy task! From the point of view of these tiny organisms‚ a human is a bit like a fortress. The skin is thick and very hard to penetrate. In addition‚ the skin also produces a variety of substances that are harmful
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Nonspecific Defenses (passive immunity) TRUE OR FALSE? _____ 1. The skin is the single most important defense the body has. _____ 2. Sneezing removes pathogens from your nose. _____ 3. Sweat‚ mucus‚ tears‚ and saliva are all types of mechanical barriers used to protect you. _____ 4. The inflammatory response is part of the body’s first line of defense. _____ 5. Leukocytes are white blood cells that fight infections and get rid of debris. _____ 6. Barriers that keep out pathogens are the
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CHEMICAL MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION Cell derived mediators Mediator | Source | Function | Vasoactive amines | Histamine | Mast cells‚ basophil‚ platelet | Vasodilation‚ ↑ vascular permeability‚ endothelial activation | Serotonin | platelets | Vasodilation‚ ↑ vascular permeability | Eicosanoids | Prostaglandins | Mast cells‚ leukocytes | Vasodilation (PGD2‚PGE1‚E2 & PGF2-α)‚ pain (PGE2)‚ fever | Thromboxane A2 | | Promotes platelet aggregation‚ vasoconstriction | Prostacyclin
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TAQ1 Definition of Pathogen and research into the main features of bacteria‚ protozoa‚ fungi and viruses. Pathogens‚ or infectious agents‚ are microorganisms that cause disease or illness to their host. There are divided into four groups; bacteria‚ protozoa‚ fungi and viruses. The term pathogen most often describes an organism that disrupts the normal physiology of a plant or animal. In identifying a pathogen it is important to determine the properties that ‘contribute to its infectious
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Physiology & Function of Human Body Systems Task One Draw a large annotated diagram of the lymphatic system‚ Identify the different types of cells of the lymphatic system and relate their structure to their function‚ including the role of tissue fluid and drainage. (P7) Task Two Make a clear written explanation detailing how the lymphatic system is involved in the protection of the human body and its role in the immune response (M5) Task Three
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is waiting on a surface‚ such as a doorknob. Indirect contact also includes diseases that are spread by vectors. A vector is a living agent‚ such as a mosquito‚ that transfers a pathogen from one person to another. 31.2 NOTES The immune system is the body system that fights
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is the acute (immediate) response to stress (it uses electrical signals). Higher brain areas (Cortex) detect and perceive something as a stressor‚ triggering the Hypothalamus‚ which in turn activates the Sympathetic branch of the Autonomic nervous system‚ stimulating the Adrenal Medulla‚ producing two hormones‚ Adrenaline and Noradrenaline‚ which cause the Fight or Flight response‚ which causes bodily changes and has evolved for survival. Bodily changes may include: an increase in heart rate (to
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viruses and help our immune system fight the bacteria’s off‚ but vaccines can also be deadly from the ingredients used and can actually lower our immune system. All medicine is not one hundred percent safe for humans. Since the time vaccinations have been given‚ over one hundred years ago‚ several have been recalled due to severe reactions or death to thousands of innocent people‚ including young children and infants. Vaccines have dangerous ingredients‚ deter what the immune system is supposed to do
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The immunological theory of aging‚ or immunosenescence‚ advances the idea that the immune system is programmed to decline over time. This programmed deterioration in immune system results in an increased vulnerability to infection disease‚ and thus leads to aging and death. The gradual deterioration of the immune system leads to loss of antibody efficacy‚ and with the body’s defense mechanisms against new diseases compromised‚ the body becomes more susceptible to cellular stress and eventual death
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