2.2 Aetiological agent: Classification and characterisation The monkeypox virus is a member of the genus orthopox (family Poxviridae). Other members include cowpox‚ vaccinia‚ and variola (smallpox) viruses. Poxviruses are the largest vertebrate viruses known. The virions contain a linear double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genome and enzymes that synthesise messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA). The viruses multiply in the cytoplasm of the host cells. The poxvirus family consists
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Nathan Riley SCB 260 Prof: Olga Calderon‚ PhD 20 January 2016 Syphilis Syphilis is a systemic infectious disease that is the result of sexual or congenital transmission of a bacterium known as Treponema pallidum (Sutton‚ 2013). This bacteria‚ in spite of creating a strong immune response‚ is able to thrive and spread in the human host for many decades. Syphilis has been called “the great pretender‚” as its symptoms can look much like those of other infectious diseases and in the past‚ has been
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Equipment used in experiment. A) Autoclave – If used correctly‚ this will sterilize the equipment and prevent contamination. B) Biosafety hood – Inoculations should be done here as well as measurements for the benchtop shaker method to prevent contamination. C) Bioreactor – stirs as well as uses a temperature probe and heating/cooling waters to change the temperature. D) Incubator and Shaker Unit –
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All of the microtubes contain ingredients that act as indicator for their reactions except for the TDA‚ IND and VP tubes which do not have indicator within the substrates. Most of the tubes will react by changing the colour due to pH changes and certain tubes changes colour with the help of the reagent in order to detect the metabolic product and reactions such as fermentation or oxidation for example for the tube containing inositol‚ sorbitol and rhamnose (SOR‚ INO‚ RHA) that changed to yellow colour
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cannot avoid the flu if they don’t receive the immunization? What happens to the people who cannot afford the shot‚ or those who cannot access the places to receive one? Is one to be plagued by sickness if they were to go against injecting the inoculation? While the Mayo clinic itself is a reputable hospital and research facility‚ the article‚ “Flu shot: Your best bet for avoiding influenza” (Mayo 2012) offered no evidence or support for the claim. There was support for avoiding getting the flu
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oven at 338K and dried sample is taken and is dissolved in hot water for starch extraction through soxhlet apparatus. This solution is treated with amylase enzyme for hydrolysis of starch to occur. It is the subjected to fermentation process by inoculation of S.cerevisiae for 3 days at 300K which results in the production of ethanol. Ethanol from the solution is extracted by the Steam distillation which is the most efficient of all the distillation
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The health benefits of breastfeeding are well established in the literature and also in history. Let’s face it babies have been breastfed since the beginning of time. Improved resistance to infectious illness: Breastfeeding provides the infant with many immunological benefits and protects against infectious diseases. The mother’s immune system is more mature than a baby’s over time the mother has had the opportunity to build resistance to many disease causing pathogens. This protection is passed
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drops of spore suspension by a pipet‚ then spores were spread by a sterilized-bent paper clip to allow even distribution of spores. Gametophyte germination occurred approximately two weeks after inoculation for the control‚ and gametophyte germination occurred approximately three weeks after inoculation for the treatment; thus possibly suggesting ammonium nitrate worked to hinder the mitotic cell division in the haploid gametophyte. II: Introduction C-Fern begins with a haploid spore known
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First‚ he tried to fight back against smallpox. He kicked out soldiers who had the disease already so that they would not carry it into his armies and claim them unfit for duty. Another thing that he did to fight against smallpox was‚ he made inoculation mandatory and set up special hospitals in Philadelphia to implement the new policy. Second‚ he tried to install a new fighting strategy. He wanted to use Fabian style‚ which was like a guerrilla style because he was lacking troops‚ and Fabian
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Beginnings The first people came to the America over the Bering strait from Siberia to Alaska during the Ice Age Early Europeans emphasized the Americas’ treasures- “land of milk and honey” Alvar Nunex Cabeza de Vaca- one of the first people who gave a realistic account of the new world Stranded in the New World for 8 years Lived with the Native Americans and so talked favorable about them When he finally returned to Europe and stood up for the Natives‚ he fell into disfavor *The Puritans
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