Bacteria‚ such as Vibrio natriegens‚ are single cellular‚ microscopic microorganisms. Bacteria grow by cell division‚ mainly by a process called binary fission‚ where two cells arise from one single cell (Madigan et al.‚ 2015). In bacteria such as Vibrio natriegens‚ who are curved-rod shaped microorganisms‚ they elongate to almost twice their own size and form a dividing wall in which splits the single cell into two daughter cells (Madigan et al.‚ 2015). There are four phases to bacterial cell growth:
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to three different xenic diatom hosts (the origin host‚ a naïve Chaetoceros host‚ and a naïve Amphipora host)‚ to evaluate whether perturbations in their bacterial consortia could affect host growth‚ carrying capacity‚ and decline. Additionally‚ inoculations were repeated in vitamin-rich and vitamin-poor media to test whether the added bacteria provided B-vitamins to their host. Manipulating the bacterial consortia had a strong effect on the naïve Chaetoceros host cell‚ but minimal effects were observed
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the bacteria of my initial unknown project. Determining which bacteria I had was completed by many steps. The one fact that I had‚ was that it was a gram negative bacteria because on the gram stain it appeared pink. Its cell wall is composed of a plasma membrane‚ periplasmic space‚ peptidoglycan and an outer membrane (lipopolysaccharide and protein). By looking at the agar plate it was easy to tell that it was not a swarmer and it did not have any
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As a result of the tests ran‚ I was able to identify the unknown bacteria. For Unknown A‚ I ran six tests. I first isolated the bacterium from the second bacterium and found a clear growth (Table 1‚ Figure 1). Secondly‚ I ran a gram stain and found a gram positive‚ cocci bacterium (Table 1‚ Figure 2). Third‚ I ran a catalase test in which was negative (Table 1). From here‚ I determined a starch hydrolysis test would be necessary to distinguish between different bacteria. The result was negative (Table
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and were present singly or in pairs. The causal agent of potato stem-end rot was identified as Fusarium oxysporum by morphological characterization and by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS4) regions of rRNA. Artificial inoculation of the pathogen resulted in development of disease symptoms and the re-isolated pathogen showed characteristics of F. oxysporum. To the best of our knowledge‚ this is the first study to report that potato stem-end rot is caused by F. oxysporum
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ESSEX HEALTH PROTECTION UNIT Part of the INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES CARE HOMES Issued January 2004 Revised April 2006 and December 2007 2 ESSEX HEALTH PROTECTION UNIT INFECTION CONTROL GUIDELINES FOR CARE HOMES SECTION B – INFECTION‚ ITS CAUSES AND SPREAD 1. The Causes of Infection An understanding of commonly encountered mi cro-organisms is essential for good infection control practice. Micro-organism s that cause disease are referred to as pathogenic organisms.
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REVISION NOTES – STRESS Stress ‡ an emotion‚ a state of psychological tension and physiological arousal produced by a stressor which makes the individual ready to respond‚ It is an adaptive response because it enables the individual to cope. It becomes maladaptive if the stressor persists Stressor ‡ a physiological or psychological stimulus that threatens an individual’s well being. It could lead to a stress response. THE BODY’S RESPONSE TO STRESS The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) – model
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Introduction The Mass Media is an important feature of modern society; its development has undoubtedly been a core factor to rapid social and technological change and also to the rise in personal income and standard of life as well as the decline of some social traditions. Mass media can be defined as venues for messages that are created for consumption by large numbers of people. It is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically envisioned and designed to reach a very large audience
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Cognitive Behavior Theory Abstract The discussion is based on my personal beliefs‚ values‚ life experiences‚ and cultural background. Cognitive behavioral therapy will be discussed and why I chose to elaborate on the ways it help clients in counseling sessions. Goals‚ strengths‚ limitations‚ and approaches will be discussed in the paper. This theory is very effective and I was able to see it first hand. Personal Beliefs I believe that in order to be great at a specific task it
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Koch’s Postulates Introduction Koch created four guidelines to determine the causal agents of disease in humans‚ animals‚ and plants. Koch proved that a disease-causing agent could be transferred from one organism to another and create the same illness. Isolation of pure cultures and the introduction of the disease-causing agent to a healthy organism will transmit the disease and infect the inoculated organism. Koch’s four guidelines by which one must follow to transmit a disease from an infected
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