Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is a complex psychiatric disorder. A person with reactive attachment disorder is usually neglected‚ abused or orphaned. Reactive attachment disorder develops because the child’s needs for comfort‚ affection and nurturing aren’t met and loving attachments with others are never established. This may permanently change the child’s growing brain‚ which hurts the ability to establish future relationships. RAD is a lifelong illness and affects every aspect in the person’s
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Basic Concepts in Attachment Theory Attachment theory is the joint work of John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth (Ainsworth & Bowlby‚ 1991 ). Drawing on concepts from ethology‚ cybernetics‚ information processing‚ developmental psychology‚ and psychoanalysts‚ John Bowlby formulated the basic tenets of the theory. He thereby revolutionized our thinking about a child’s tie to the mother and its disruption through separation‚ deprivation‚ and bereavement. Mary Ainsworth’s innovative methodology not only
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Abstract In 1987‚ the Attachment Theory extended to include the bonds between adults and their romantic partners; the extension includes the concept of the secure‚ the anxious-preoccupied‚ the dismissive-avoidant‚ and the fearful-avoidant attachment styles. Current research‚ in the form of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies‚ predicts adults exhibit attachment styles during the forming‚ maintenance‚ and separation process. The research utilized the experiences in close relationships inventory
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Explanations of Attachment – Learning Theory AO1: Learning Theory stated that all behaviour is learnt rather than innate and that we are born a ‘blank slate’. Behaviourists suggest that all behaviour is learned either through classical or operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning - Association Food produces pleasure‚ primary care giver (food giver) is associated with the food and becomes a conditioned stimulus. Operant Conditioning – Reward and punishment According to operant conditioning
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However‚ the cause of this condition is attributed to both the environmental factors and genetics. In most cases‚ children who start their early lives in compromised attachment are most likely going to develop difficulties in their later periods of their developmental stages. These children who are exposed to compromised environment while still in their early stages of development tend to develop low self-esteem‚ lack
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Emotion Regulation: Relationship to Attachment Style Abstract The present study aimed to examine the relationship between the four attachment styles developed by Bartholomew and Horowitz (1991) and emotion regulation‚ specifically the differences between the secure and insecure attachment styles and their ability to use positive or negative emotion regulation. Two hundred and ninety eight participants (216 female‚ 82 male) between
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mentions that the most important part of a child’s life is attachment. It all starts when an infant at the end of the first year develops stranger and separation anxiety (Feldman‚ 2007). When children are around their parents and other caregivers‚ they feel safe at all times. When a child is around someone who is a stranger and not their caregiver‚ they’re more likely to experience fear. According to John Bowlby’s view of attachment‚ attachment is needed for children to feel safe and secure around their
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Harry and Marguerite Harlow‚ John Bowlby‚ and Mary Aisworth figure among the most notorious attachment theorists. The Harlows conducted the first experimental research regarding the effects of attachment. In their study they used baby monkeys and separate them from their mothers approximately eight hours after birth. These monkeys were raised in experimental chambers‚ were they were exposed to non-living surrogate mothers: some were made of wire‚ others were covered with terrycloth. Some of the monkeys
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What are the four attachment styles and the way they shape people? The four different attachment styles is secure attachment‚ fearful attachment‚ dismissive attachment‚ and anxious/ambivalent attachment. I am going to start off by talking about secure attachment and how it makes people the way they are. This attachment style shapes people by giving someone self-worth and having a positive view on others. It makes them have a higher self-esteem and easier for them to communicate with others. An
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Attachment or bonding is the developing relationship established between a primary caregiver‚ usually the mother‚ and her child. Attachment behaviors begin early in life. This narrow age limit is often called the critical period. This trusting relationship developed in infancy forms the foundation for a child’s development. If a child has a secure attachment‚ he will grow up to view the world as a safe place and will be able to develop other emotions. It has become more and more apparent that a healthy
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