Death often occurs as a result of paralysis of pharyngeal and diaphragmatic muscles‚ followed by respiratory arrest (Bhalla and Warheit‚ 2004).Botulinum toxin poses a major bio-weapon threat because of its extreme potency and lethality; its ease of production‚ transport‚ and misuse; and the need for prolonged intensive
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NORMAL LEVEL-TWO ULTRASOUND SCAN Ultrasound examination during should include a systematic evaluation of fetal anatomy. Apart from anencephaly‚ the fetal organs cannot be accurately measured before 17-18 weeks of gestation. After 30-35 weeks‚ evaluation becomes increasingly difficult. Hence level-two ultrasound scan is done at 18 to 20 weeks of gestation. CLASSIFICATION OF FETAL SONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS 1. First-Trimester Ultrasound 2. Standard Second- or Third-Trimester Ultrasound
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homeostasis there is the concept of Negative feedback which ensures that‚ in any control system‚ changes are reversed and returned back to the set level. There are four different homeostatic mechanisms for regulation these four are the heart rate‚ breathing rate‚ body temperature and blood glucose levels. Negative feedback system is made out of receptors to detect change‚ a control centre to receive the information and process the response and effectors to reverse the change and re-establish the original
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ANS: A Increasing oxygen flow rate will usually improve oxygen saturation in patients with ventilation-perfusion mismatch‚ as occurs with pulmonary embolism. Because the problem is with perfusion‚ actions that improve ventilation‚ such as deep breathing and coughing‚ sitting upright‚ and suctioning‚ are not likely to improve oxygenation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 1656 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 3. A patient with respiratory failure
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atmosphere to be inhaled there must be a contraction of 2 sets of respiratory muscles. The diaphragm forms the bottom of the thoracic cavity and the external intercostals muscles which are located between the ribs. The contraction of the diaphragm causes an increase in the vertical dimension of the thorax. The contraction of the external intercostals muscles cause an increase in anterio-posterior and transverse diameter of the thorax. Together this causes a decrease in intra-thoracic pressure‚ which leads
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heart disease‚ such as ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot o Neural tube defects (such as anencephaly and spina bifida) and other central nervous system anomalies o Gastrointestinal defects‚ such as laryngeal web‚ congenital diaphragmatic hernia‚ cleft lip and palate‚ tracheoesophageal fistula‚ and imperforate
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A patient with a C7 spinal cord injury states he must hve the flu because he has a bad headache and nausea. The initial action of the nurse is to check the patient’s temperature. take the patient’s blood pressure. elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees. call the physician. The priority nursing intervention for a patient with facial trauma is Administration of IV fluids at a rapid rate. Application of a dressing to control facial bleeding. Clearing the airway of blood and debris
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which inadequate functional surfactant may be a prominent element of the pathophysiology either by in activation or inhabitation of synthesis. These include meconiunm aspiration syndrome‚ shock lung‚ pulmonary hemorrhage‚ pneumonia‚ congenital diaphragmatic hernia‚ and broncho pulmonary dysplasia
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ULTRASOUND PHYSICS Name Institution a) Calculate the Acoustic impedance of subcutaneous tissue‚ muscle and bone. Assume subcutaneous tissue has a density of 1060kg/m3 (Hedrick 2003)‚ muscle has a density of 1104kg/m3 (Madjor 2008) and bone has a density of 5065kg/m3 (Hedrick 2003). Give your answer in Mrayls. Please use speed of sound as 1540m/s for tissue‚ muscle and bone In ultrasound‚ Acoustic impedance (Z) is the quantity of measurement of resistance to sound when passing through a medium
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Carlberg) Branches of Abdominal Aorta: ICMS R GICMS (ikkums are gikkums) (Brian Garvey) Muscles used for inspiration: DIES Diaphragm Interchondral part of internal intercostals External oblique Scalene/sternocleidomastoid Muscles used for (forced) expiration: TIIRE Transversus abdominis Internal intercostals(except those near midline) Internal oblique Rectus abdominis External oblique (Brian Garvey) Contents of the spermatic cord: VAG PC Vas deferens Artery of vas deferens
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