Chest Trauma Chest trauma is classified as either blunt or penetrating. 1. Blunt Chest Trauma I. Definition a. Blunt chest trauma results from sudden compression or positive pressure inflicted to the chest wall. Motor vehicle crashes (trauma due to steering wheel‚ seat belt)‚ falls‚ and bicycle crashes (trauma due to handle bars) are the most common causes of blunt chest trauma. II. Pathophysiology Injuries to the chest are often life-threatening and result in one or
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THE CHEST EXAMINATION Physical examination of the chest The chest indicates the region that lies under the neck and above the abdomen. Chest wall is composed of sternum‚ ribs‚ and vertebras. The anterior part is a little shorter than the posterior part. Chest examination includes many components: chest shape‚ chest wall‚ breasts‚ vessels‚ mediastinum‚ bronchus‚ lung‚ pleura‚ heart‚ and lymph nodes‚ etc. In addition to general physical examination‚ the following check methods have been
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answer is: Posterior intercostal artery The correct answer is: Brachiocephalic artery The correct answer is: Vertebra: articular facet The correct answer is: Rib: angle The correct answer is: Descending aorta The correct answer is: Sternum: angle (of Louis) (BUMP) The correct answer is: Left subclavian artery The correct answer is: Rib: tubercle The correct answer is: Aortic arch The correct answer is: Vertebra: spinous process The correct answer is: Posterior intercostal artery The correct
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Morel-Lavallée (1) classified lung herniation into cervical‚ thoracic or diaphragmatic. Lung herniation can also be classified based on congenital or acquired etiology (traumatic‚ spontaneous or pathological cause). Since Roland’s first case report in 1499 (2)‚ approximately 300 cases have been reported in the international literature. 85% of lung herniation is caused by trauma (65% thoracic‚ 35% cervical and less than 1% diaphragmatic) (3). There are also spontaneous cases reported‚ which are mainly caused
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organs such as the heart‚ liver‚ or a distended bladder. Flatness – Soft‚ high-pitched‚ short sound heard over bone and muscle. • AUSCULTATION – listening to body sounds by the use of stethoscope. - used to assess: breathing sounds‚ cardiac sounds and abdominal sounds. * When assessing the Abdomen‚ the following sequence is: (IAPerPal) Inspection‚ Auscultation‚ Percussion and Palpation. The main reason that auscultation proceeds palpation is to prevent
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is obtained by digestion of food and oxygen is taken from the air during a process called breathing or ventilation. Pulmonary Ventilation is the term given to the movement of air in and out of the lungs; the rate of pulmonary ventilation is defined as the tidal volume multiplied by the number of breaths taken per minute. Tidal volume is the volume of air breathed in or out during one cycle of quiet breathing. There are a few different factors that can affect the pulmonary ventilation rate but the
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internal and external intercostal muscles and the diaphragm in breathing * State the differences in composition between inspired and expired air * Use lime water as a test for carbon dioxide to investigate the differences in composition between inspired and expired air * Explain the role of mucus and cilia in protecting the gas exchange system from pathogens and particles * Investigate and describe the effects of physical activity on rate and depth of breathing * Explain the link
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HANDLING STRESS It’s pretty common for college students to feel stressed out. You may be worried about grades‚ struggling with finances‚ or feeling anxious about a relationship. Life is full of changes and events (good and not-so-good) that may cause stress. Stress is your physical‚ emotional‚ and mental response to change‚ regardless of whether the change is good or bad. Without some stress‚ people wouldn’t get a lot done. The extra burst of adrenaline that helps you finish a paper on time‚
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Tracheal tug: due to increased diaphragmatic movements causes downward displacement of the trachea during inspiration-. Rate Count the respiratory rate surreptitiously over 30 seconds; normal rate at rest < 25 breaths per minute (range 16-25). Tachypnoea > 25. Bradypnoea < 8 a level associated with sedation and adverse prognosis. Rhythm (i:e) Prolonged expiratory phase is associated with obstructive airway diseases. Effort. In normal relaxed breathing‚ the diaphragm is the only active
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Science Form 3 note SMART STUDY - GOOD LUCK Teacher zaidi@maher2010 Chapter 1: Respiration Respiration Human Breathing Mechanism Transport of oxygen Importance of a healthy respiratory system Respiratory system Diffusion of oxygen by blood Harmful substances lungs Transport of oxygen by blood Effects of pollutants inhalation Diffusion of oxygen into cell Respiratory diseases. Good habit to improve air quality. exhalation Human Respiratory
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