surface of water and mud. Algae were evolving at the water’s edge‚ and one group – probably the charophytes – gave rise to plants. Cooksonia‚ a simple branching plant a few centimeters tall‚ evolved by 430 million years ago. It took another 160 million years for the taller Psilophyton to evolve. Then the evolutionary pace picked up. It took only 60 million years for plants radiate from the swampy lowlands to high mountains and nearly all places in between. They did so through modifications in
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The flour produced from the cassava plant‚ which on account of its low content of noncarbohydrate constituents might well be called a starch‚ is known in world trade as tapioca flour. It is used directly‚ made into a group of baked or gelatinized products or manufactured into glucose‚ dextrins and other products. Starchy foods have always been one of the staples of the human diet. They are mostly consumed in starch-bearing plants or in foods to which commercial starch or its derivatives have been
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are more to aquatic plants than just floating on the surface of water. Aquatic plants are plants that can adapt and live in a freshwater environment. They are sometimes called hydrophytes. These include plants that live in fresh wetlands‚ swamps‚ ponds‚ lakes‚ and marshes. This type of plant actually serves two important functions. First‚ they help oxygenate water (2006) and they provide nutrients and food for some fishes (Tappin‚ 2003). There are many types of aquatic plants including rooted‚ emergent
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non-native plant in Southern California I research some information of Iris Pseudacorus which is commonly known as Yellowflag Iris. It is native to Europe‚ Western Asia‚ and northwest Africa. Especially‚ Pseudacours is one of two iris species native to British Island. It was brought to Canada and the U.S in the early 1900s in order to use as an erosion control plant such as used in sewage treatment cells. In recent decade‚ the plant is used in landscaping and sold through garden and plant dealers
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Carnivorous Plants In a world where plants are at the bottom of the food-chain‚ some individual plant species have evolved ways to reverse the order we expect to find in nature. These insectivorous plants‚ as they are sometimes called‚ are the predators ‚ rather than the passive prey. Adaptations such as odiferous lures and trapping mechanisms have made it possible for these photosynthesizers to capture‚ chemically break-down and digest insect prey (and in some cases even small animals.) There
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Abstract: Symbiosis is very important in the plant world. Fungus has a symbiotic relationship with other plants. This may help the plant through tough times‚ for example; droughts and long winters. There are many careers that study the problems of symbiotic plants. Symbiosis with Plants Symbiosis with plants is very important. Fungus helps the plant live through tough times. There is a lot of information available about symbiosis but there are also many unanswered questions. Certain careers
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between plants and people is made possible by the differences between cellular respiration and photosynthesis. While cellular respiration occurs in all living organisms‚ photosynthesis relies on chlorophyll and is unique to plants‚ algae‚ and some bacteria. Respiration and photosynthesis are essentially the same process in reverse. During photosynthesis CO2 and H2O are converted to glucose and oxygen‚ while cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen which are converted to CO2 and H20. Plants utilize
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type of reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes. | |two parents. | | |2. New plants are produced from seeds. |2. New individual is produced from a single parent. | Q3. Differentiate between binary fusion and budding. Draw a well-labeled diagram showing both
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Plant nutrition The elements which are required to complete life cycle of plant‚ are called nutrition elements. In the absence of any of the elements‚ plants can not complete their life cycle and these can not be supplemented by other elements. Elements required for Plant nutrition Classification These essential plant nutrients are classified into two on the basis of quantity required‚ such as – (a) Macronutrient and (b) Micronutrient Macronutrient The elements which are required in relatively
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INTRODUCTION Cotton is a soft‚ fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll‚ or protective capsule‚ around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal. The plant is a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world‚ including the Americas‚ Africa‚ and India. The fiber most often is spun into yarn or thread and used to make
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